大乘起信論義疏 1.97

1.97

Third, from here down, explains the gradations of severing delusions when returning to the source. Herein there are two [parts]: first, directly explaining the gradations of severing; second, from "what is called associated" downward, explaining the designations "associated" and "non-associated." In the first [part] there are two: first, explaining the extinction of the delusions of the six consciousnesses; second, explaining the exhaustion of the delusions of the seventh consciousness. Among the delusions within the six consciousnesses there are two: first, the aspect of grasping; second, the aspect of calculating names. The counteracting understanding is the wisdom associated within the mental consciousness, which counters the preceding two delusions. In the Tattvasiddhi-śāstra it is called the "empty mind." Calculating names is severed at the path of seeing in the Hīnayāna Dharma, and severed during the ten faiths in the Mahāyāna. The aspect of grasping is completely severed upon attaining the stage of no-learning in the Hīnayāna Dharma, and severed during the lineage [stage] in the Mahāyāna. In this present treatise, the severing of the delusion of calculating names is omitted. The six "defiled minds" refer to all [the remaining minds] except the ignorance-consciousness, which are considered defiled minds. "There are six kinds" generally presents the sixth and seventh consciousnesses. First, "the defilement associated with attachment" is the aspect of grasping; the "stage associated with faith" is the lineage [stage]. The counteracting wisdom is exhausted upon entering the [nirvāṇa] without remainder in the Hīnayāna, and exhausted at the first stage in the Mahāyāna Dharma. Second, "the non-continuous defilement" is the continuing consciousness; it is exhausted from the lineage [stage] up to the first stage. "The defilement associated with wisdom" [where the text says] "based on the stage of complete precepts" is the second stage. "The stage of signless upāya" is the seventh stage. Because the signless upāya proceeds from the eighth stage, it is named the stage of signless upāya. Regarding "the non-associated defilement manifesting rūpa," the "stage of mastery over rūpa" is the eighth stage; because one can purify Buddha-lands, it is called mastery over rūpa. "Being able to perceive" is the evolving consciousness. The "stage of mastery over mind" is the ninth stage; skillfully knowing the initial mind is called mastery over mind. The sixth, the defilement of the karma-consciousness, [where the text says] "exhausted by bodhisattvas at the end of the stages," is the tenth stage. "Not fully understanding the meaning of the single Dharma[-realm]" is the ground of fundamental ignorance; it is severed through practice prior to the stages, severed through detachment from the first stage upward, and utterly exhausted at the Buddha stage. Thus the Śrīmālā[devī Sūtra] says: "The ground of ignorance is severed by the Buddha's wisdom." The counteracting understanding is still the seventh consciousness. The understanding of conditioned observation counters the preceding six kinds, and this understanding is also exhausted. It is severed and abandoned at the first stage, and exhausted only upon [reaching] the Buddha [stage].