大乘義章 11.52

11.52

第一釋名。四陀羅尼，出《地持論》。陀羅尼者，是中國語，此翻名持，念法不失故名為持。持別不同，一門說四。四名是何？一法陀羅尼、二義陀羅尼、三呪術陀羅尼、四忍陀羅尼。教法名法，於佛教法聞持不忘，名法陀羅尼。聞不忘故，經中亦名聞陀羅尼。二諦名義，於諸法義總持不忘，名義陀羅尼。菩薩依禪能起呪術，為眾除患，第一神驗，名呪術陀羅尼。菩薩依禪備起多用，隨用別論即有無量陀羅尼門，良以呪術傳益義多，故偏論之。於法實相安住名忍，忍法不失，名忍陀羅尼。忍行成時，能入法界陀羅尼門，成就法界陀羅尼德，如九地說。《地持》就本，且說忍矣。名義如是（此一門竟）。

First, explaining the names. The four dhāraṇīs come from the *Bodhisattvabhūmi* (*Dichi lun*). 'Dhāraṇī' is an Indian word, translated here as 'retention' (*chi*); because one is mindful of phenomena and does not lose them, it is called retention. Because the retentions differ, one approach speaks of four. What are the four names? First, dharma-dhāraṇī; second, artha-dhāraṇī; third, mantra-dhāraṇī; fourth, kṣānti-dhāraṇī. The spoken teachings are called 'dharma'; hearing and retaining the Buddha's spoken teachings without forgetting is called dharma-dhāraṇī. Because one hears and does not forget, it is also called hearing-dhāraṇī in the sūtras. The two truths are called 'artha' (meaning); universally retaining and not forgetting the meanings of all phenomena is called artha-dhāraṇī. A bodhisattva, relying on dhyāna, can produce incantations to eliminate afflictions for the multitude with supreme spiritual efficacy, which is called mantra-dhāraṇī. A bodhisattva, relying on dhyāna, is fully endowed with many functions; if discussed separately according to functions, there are immeasurable dhāraṇī approaches, but because incantations broadly benefit many, it is discussed specifically. Abiding peacefully in the true mark of phenomena is called 'kṣānti' (forbearance); not losing the phenomenon of forbearance is called kṣānti-dhāraṇī. When the practice of forbearance is accomplished, one can enter the dhāraṇī approach of the dharma-realm and accomplish the dhāraṇī virtues of the dharma-realm, as explained on the ninth bhūmi. The *Bodhisattvabhūmi* (*Dichi*) takes the fundamental and merely calls it 'kṣānti'. Such are the names and meanings (this concludes the first section).