大乘義章 16.8

16.8

次約禪論。如《毘婆娑》說，息短初禪、息長二禪、遍身三禪、除身四禪。餘亦如是。論文直爾不廣分別，准義具論，初四如上。第二四中，覺喜在於初禪二禪，覺樂三禪，覺心除心在第四禪。第三四中，令心喜者在初二禪，令心攝者在第三禪，令心定及令心脫在第四禪，初得名定、成滿名脫。亦可有漏名之為定，無漏名脫。第四四種，皆遍諸禪。約禮如是（此五門竟）。

Next, discussing them in terms of dhyāna. As the *Vibhāṣā* states: short breaths are in the first dhyāna, long breaths are in the second dhyāna, pervasive throughout the body in the third dhyāna, and eliminating bodily [activities] in the fourth dhyāna. The rest are also like this. The treatise text merely states it without broad differentiation; but if fully discussed according to doctrine, the first set of four is as above. In the second set of four: experiencing joy is in the first dhyāna and the second dhyāna; experiencing bliss is in the third dhyāna; experiencing the mind and eliminating mental [activities] are in the fourth dhyāna. In the third set of four: gladdening the mind is in the first and second dhyānas; concentrating the mind is in the third dhyāna; making the mind concentrated and liberating the mind are in the fourth dhyāna—initial attainment is called concentrated, and fulfillment is called liberated. Alternatively, the sāsrava may be called concentrated, and the anāsrava may be called liberated. The four kinds of the fourth set all pervade every dhyāna. Such is the discussion according to the stages (this concludes the fifth section).