大乘義章 17.6

17.6

次定其相。如《地論》說，聲聞之人有五種相：一者因集。過去所修狹劣善根以之為因，今依起行故曰因集。故《地論》言「修小善根，但依自益，名因集矣。」修小善根，是其劣也。但依自益，是其狹也。二者畏苦。深厭三界，樂求疾滅。三捨眾生，無大悲心。四者依心。依師教授，不能自悟。五者是觀。但能觀察眾生無我，成聲聞乘。五中前三對大明小，後二對中以彰其小。問曰：《成實》宣說聲聞見二無我，彼以何故但言觀察眾生無我？此義隱顯，如前無我章中具釋（此二門竟）。

Next is determining their characteristics. As the Daśabhūmika-śāstra states, a śrāvaka person has five kinds of characteristics: First is the accumulation of causes. The narrow and inferior roots of goodness cultivated in the past serve as the cause, and now relying on them one gives rise to practice; hence it is called 'accumulation of causes.' Thus the Daśabhūmika-śāstra states, 'Cultivating minor roots of goodness and relying solely on self-benefit is called the accumulation of causes.' Cultivating minor roots of goodness is their inferiority; relying solely on self-benefit is their narrowness. Second is fear of suffering: deeply reviling the three realms, they joyfully seek swift extinction. Third is abandoning sentient beings: having no great compassion. Fourth is reliant mind: relying on the instruction of a master, unable to awaken on their own. Fifth is contemplation: able only to contemplate the selflessness of sentient beings, they accomplish the śrāvaka vehicle. Among the five, the first three clarify the small in contrast to the great; the last two manifest their smallness in contrast to the middle. Question: The Tattvasiddhi proclaims that śrāvakas see both kinds of selflessness; why does it say here that they only contemplate the selflessness of sentient beings? The implicit and explicit meanings of this were explained fully in the previous chapter on selflessness (this concludes the second section).