大乘義章 5.46

5.46

次約三性分別諸蓋。善、惡、無記，是三性也。通論五蓋悉是不善，於中分別義有通局。瞋唯不善，以與無慚無愧俱故。貪疑睡掉，依如《成實》，一向不善。若依《毘曇》，通惡無記，在欲界者名為不善，在上二界說之為隱沒無記。義雖兩兼，今唯分取不善為蓋。眠悔二種，體通三性，今唯分取不善眠悔以為五蓋，餘者不說。問曰：何故唯說不善以為五蓋？《毘婆沙》云「對善法故說。何等是善法聚？謂四念處。何等不善？所謂五蓋。就麁重過宣說五蓋，故唯不善（此五門竟）。」

Next, distinguishing the hindrances according to the three natures. Wholesome, unwholesome, and indeterminate are the three natures. Broadly speaking, the five hindrances are all unwholesome; analyzing within them, their meanings have the pervasive and the restricted. Anger is solely unwholesome, because it is conjoined with lack of shame and lack of conscience. Greed, doubt, torpor, and restlessness, according to the Tattvasiddhi, are solely unwholesome. According to the Abhidharma, they extend across the unwholesome and the indeterminate: those in the desire realm are called unwholesome, while those in the upper two realms are spoken of as obscured-indeterminate. Although their meaning encompasses both, here only the unwholesome are selectively taken as hindrances. The essences of the two, sleep and remorse, extend across the three natures; here only unwholesome sleep and remorse are selectively taken as the five hindrances, while the others are not spoken of. Question: Why are only the unwholesome spoken of as the five hindrances? The Vibhāṣā states: 'They are spoken of in opposition to wholesome dharmas. What is the aggregate of wholesome dharmas? It refers to the four applications of mindfulness. What is unwholesome? It refers to the five hindrances. The five hindrances are proclaimed in terms of coarse and heavy faults, and therefore are solely unwholesome (this finishes the fifth gateway).'