大乘法苑義林章 5.8

5.8

問：何故建立慧、俱解脫。答：由除定、慧二障，亦立二種。云何慧解脫？謂已能證得諸漏永盡，於八解脫未能身證具足安住，是名慧解脫。此義意說障有二種：一煩惱障，能障聖慧不得應果。二者事障，就勝而說。唯異熟生喜、樂、捨受有下劣障，於上等至不肯進求，所知障攝。此人唯能斷初障故，慧縛得脫。慧謂簡擇，離縛故名解脫。慧所有脫，名慧解脫。又諸阿羅漢得滅定者，名俱解脫。由慧、定力，解脫煩惱、解脫障故。問：何故建立餘六種羅漢？答：約種姓別，立六有別。

Question: Why are [the arhats of] wisdom-liberation and twofold liberation established? Answer: Due to eliminating the two hindrances of samādhi and wisdom, two kinds are also established. What is wisdom-liberation? When one has been able to realize the perpetual exhaustion of all outflows, but has not yet bodily realized and fully abided in the eight liberations, this is called 'wisdom-liberation'. The meaning here is that there are two kinds of hindrances: first, the affliction hindrance, which can hinder noble wisdom from attaining the fruit of arhat; second, the phenomenal hindrance, spoken of in terms of its prominence. Only the joy, pleasure, and equanimity feelings born of ripening have an inferior hindrance, whereby one is unwilling to advance and seek the higher meditative attainments, being subsumed under the hindrance to the knowable. Because this person can only sever the first hindrance, the bondage of wisdom is freed. Wisdom means discernment; being free from bondage, it is called 'liberation'. Liberation of wisdom is called 'wisdom-liberation'. Furthermore, arhats who attain the cessation attainment are called 'twofold liberation', because through the power of wisdom and samādhi they are liberated from afflictions and liberated from hindrances. Question: Why are the remaining six kinds of arhats established? Answer: In terms of differences in spiritual lineage, six distinct types are established.