大乘法苑義林章 2.26

2.26

Regarding matching by three pairs: the three are of two kinds. First, the three in the Lalitavistara, namely the pratyekabuddha [piṭaka] and the other two; second, the three consisting of the sūtra [piṭaka] and so forth. The teachings for pratyekabuddhas do not form a distinct category of their own, so one cannot separately state that they have the distinction of these twelve divisions of teaching; they simply correspond to the śrāvakas. The preceding two piṭakas of the śrāvaka and bodhisattva have already been fully explained above. Fascicle six of the Xianyang [shengjiao lun] and fascicle twenty-five of the Yogācārabhūmi state: "Among the twelve divisions, sūtra, geya, vyākaraṇa, gāthā, udāna, avadāna, itivṛttaka, jātaka, vaipulya, and adbhutadharma constitute the Sūtrapiṭaka; nidāna as taught constitutes the Vinayapiṭaka; upadeśa as taught constitutes the Abhidharmapiṭaka. This explains that ten divisions are the Sūtra[piṭaka], only one division is the Vinaya[piṭaka], and only one division is the Abhidharmapiṭaka." Although the twelve are fully present within the sūtras, formulating precepts in response to events is strictly the Vinaya, and inquiring into and debating what is profound is also exclusively Abhidharma; [those texts] set aside these two divisions as not being sūtras, but it is not that these two are absent within sūtras. As for the three—avadāna, itivṛttaka, and jātaka—in actual fact they also are subsumed under the Vinaya. The Abhidharmasamuccaya states that they are the Vinayapiṭaka, because the Vinaya frequently teaches avadānas and the like. This is subsumption as retinues, whereas by their intrinsic nature they are not. Treatises such as the Xianyang rely on their intrinsic nature not being subsumed under the Vinaya, and thus state that those three are the Sūtra[piṭaka]. The Abhidharmasamuccaya relies on their being retinues to say they are the Vinaya. Each regards one aspect, so they do not contradict one another. The above has altogether been the matching of the three piṭakas.