大乘法苑義林章 6.26

6.26

Fourth, discerning that which is obstructed: Among the two māras, the māras of fragmented [saṃsāra] obstruct the three vehicles, while the māras of transformation [saṃsāra] obstruct bodhisattvas. The former obstruct liberation and nirvāṇa; the latter obstruct bodhi and wondrous wisdom. Among the three māras, afflictions obstruct [nirvāṇa] with remainder, aggregates obstruct [nirvāṇa] without remainder, and death obstructs life and longevity. Among the four māras, the first three are as above; the devaputra-māra can obstruct all wholesome factors, because he obstructs leaving the desire realm and the three realms. Among the first [group of] eight māras, although the two hindrances of fragmented and transformation [saṃsāra] differ, their particular obstructions are similar. Among the latter [group of] eight māras, the first four are as above; the latter four obstruct Great Nirvāṇa endowed with the four virtues. The ten māras particularly obstruct the two gateways of wisdom and samādhi, being spoken of as two swords and arrows that can destroy them. Alternatively, the antidotes to the māras spoken of below are precisely what is obstructed, as will be understood below.