勸發菩提心集 2.91

2.91

《尸迦羅越六向拜經》云：惡知識有四輩：一者內有怨心，外強為知識；二者於人前好言語，背後說人惡；三者有急時，於人前愁憂，背後歡喜；四者外如親厚，內興怨謀。善知識亦有四輩：一者外如怨家，內有厚意；二者於人前直諫，於外說人善；三者病瘦縣官為其征伀憂解之；四者見人貧賤不棄捐，常念求方便喜富之。惡知識復有四輩：一者難諫曉教之作善，故與惡者相隨；二者教之莫與喜酒者為伴，故與嗜酒人相隨；三教之自守，益更多事；四者教之與賢者為友，故與博掩子為厚。善知識復有四輩：一者見人貧窮，本之令治生；二者不與人諍挍計；三者日往消息之；四者坐起常相念。善知識復有四輩：一者為吏所捕，將歸藏匿之，於後解決之；二者有病瘦，將歸養視之；三者知識死亡，棺歛視之；四者知識已死後念其家。善知識復有四輩：一者欲鬪止之；二者欲隨惡知識，諫止之；三者不欲治生，勸令治生；四者不喜經道，教令信喜之。惡知識復有四輩：一者人小侵之，便大怒；二者有急之日，請使不肯行；三者見人有急時，避人走；四者見人死亡，棄不視。佛言：「擇其善者從之，惡者遠之，我與善知識相隨，故自致得佛。」

The Sūtra on Śṛṅgālaka Worshipping the Six Directions says: There are four kinds of bad friends: first, those who harbour resentment inwardly while pretending outwardly to be friends; second, those who speak sweet words in one's presence but speak evil of one behind one's back; third, those who show sorrow before one in times of urgency but rejoice behind one's back; fourth, those who seem intimate outwardly while inwardly concocting hostile plots. There are also four kinds of good friends: first, those who seem like enemies outwardly but have deep goodwill inwardly; second, those who offer direct remonstrance in one's presence and speak of one's goodness elsewhere; third, when one is afflicted with illness or pursued with anxiety by local magistrates, they relieve one's distress; fourth, when seeing that one is poor and lowly, they do not abandon one, but constantly think of seeking skillful means to make one joyfully prosperous. There are four more kinds of bad friends: first, those whom it is difficult to remonstrate with or instruct in doing good, and who deliberately keep company with the wicked; second, when instructed not to keep company with lovers of wine, they deliberately consort with winebibbers; third, when instructed to guard themselves, they cause all the more trouble; fourth, when instructed to befriend worthy people, they deliberately become intimate with gamblers. There are four more kinds of good friends: first, seeing that one is impoverished, they provide capital to enable one to make a livelihood; second, they do not dispute or calculate against others; third, they visit daily to inquire after one's well-being; fourth, whether sitting or standing, they constantly hold one in mind. There are four more kinds of good friends: first, if one is pursued by officials, they take one home and hide one, resolving the matter afterwards; second, if one is ill and emaciated, they take one home to care for and nurse one; third, if a friend dies, they oversee the encoffining and funeral; fourth, after a friend has died, they look after his family. There are four more kinds of good friends: first, when one wishes to fight, they stop it; second, when one wishes to follow a bad friend, they remonstrate and stop it; third, when one does not want to make a livelihood, they encourage one to make a livelihood; fourth, when one takes no delight in the sūtras and the Way, they teach one to believe in and rejoice in them. There are four more kinds of bad friends: first, if one slightly offends them, they become furious; second, on a day of urgent need, when asked to undertake a task, they refuse to go; third, seeing that one is in urgent need, they avoid one and flee; fourth, seeing one die, they abandon one without care. The Buddha said: 'Choose those who are good and follow them; distance yourself from those who are bad. It was through keeping company with good friends that I myself attained Buddhahood.'