華嚴一乘法界圖 1.40

1.40

Third, regarding the upāya of practice, herein are two parts: first, explaining the upāya of practice; second, distinguishing the attainment of benefit. In the first gate, the practitioner refers to those who have already seen and heard the universal Dharma of the One Vehicle, but have not yet fully realized the universal Dharma; this is spoken of according to the Distinct Teaching of the One Vehicle. If spoken of according to the upāya One Vehicle, the five vehicles are all subsumed into entering the One Vehicle. Why is this? Because they flow from the One Vehicle, are designated by the One Vehicle, and are the upāya of the One Vehicle. If based on this meaning, it universally subsumes the five vehicles. That the practitioner of the One Vehicle also attains that which flows and that which is designated is spoken of according to the principle of conditioned arising. 'Upāya' is spoken of according to wisdom. Why is this? Progressing without resting is called upāya; those who do not turn their minds are not called upāya. It can also be spoken of according to the intention of the noble ones. Why is this? Because with good upāya they guide and receive sentient beings. Just as the five vehicles speak of persons, dharmas, cause, and effect, understanding principle and phenomenon, teaching and meaning, and so forth. All dharmas are understood by analogy with this.