摩訶止觀 6.218

6.218

二障俱是煩惱，云何以無明為智障？無明是即智之惑，以智為體，即智說障。例如無為生死，即無為而說生死，以「無為」為名也。愛即四住地也，亦能障智；然是異心之惑，解惑不俱。體是煩惱，故當體為名，名「煩惱障」。復次，愛能令諸有相續，能令心煩，與心作惱。雖無明覆蔽，然生由愛水，招生功強，故名愛為煩惱障。無明不了，正與解脫反。愛性雖違，然以無明為本。無明性迷，障智義顯，故從所障名為「智障」。

Both hindrances are afflictions; why is ignorance considered the cognitive hindrance? Ignorance is the delusion inherent in wisdom; it takes wisdom as its essence, and this hindrance is designated in terms of wisdom itself. For example, 'unconditioned birth and death' speaks of birth and death right within the unconditioned, taking 'unconditioned' as its name. Craving is the four entrenchments, which can also obstruct wisdom; however, it is a delusion belonging to a different mind, where understanding and delusion do not coexist. Its essence is affliction; hence it is named according to its essence, called the 'affliction hindrance.' Furthermore, craving can perpetuate the realms of existence, disturb the mind, and vex the mind. Although covered and concealed by ignorance, rebirth nonetheless arises through the water of craving; because its efficacy in summoning rebirth is powerful, craving is named the affliction hindrance. Ignorance fails to comprehend, being directly opposite to liberation. Although the nature of craving is contradictory [to wisdom], it nonetheless has ignorance as its root. The nature of ignorance is delusion, and the meaning of obstructing wisdom is prominent; therefore, taking its name from what it obstructs, it is called the 'cognitive hindrance.'