摩訶止觀 10.4

10.4

If one's view and understanding are unhindered and one is also familiar with names and terms, questioning others with one's view and understanding will be inexhaustible, like curving an arrow around birds so that their flight and running lose the path. If one's explanations of difficult questions have room to spare, like shooting into empty space with the arrow passing unobstructed, one should know that this does not come from study, but that a view must have arisen. This view may arise through dhyāna or through hearing [the Dharma], just as when the outflow-free arises, it relies on faith, Dharma, hearing, and reflecting. For those in whom it arises through hearing, originally they did not listen to much, yet they are broadly able to turn it into awakening, with clear views and understanding, and clever eloquence in question and answer. For those in whom it arises through dhyāna, at first it is due to mental tranquility, and later their contemplation becomes increasingly clear, turning freely as though in wondrous penetration. In the south, practitioners of dhyāna are few, and people in whom views arise are rare; in the north, this occurrence is common.