止觀輔行傳弘決 1.12

1.12

「大隋」等者，說教時也。諸經既多，乃通云一時，則該乎長短攝彼精麁。今唯一部，故別指大隋。隋受周禪，姓楊氏，本弘農華陰人也。初從周太祖起義關西，位至大司空，封隋國公，諱堅。後即帝位，因號隋國。隋字，《玉篇》加工者，待過反，字本無走。唐祚既興，謂隋已走，是故加之。「開皇」者，年號也。皇，大也。《爾雅》云「皇者，匡正也，極也，大也，壯盛貌也。」「荊州」等者，即說處也。「玉泉寺」者，初梁太平二年，魏主令宇文泰破梁元帝二十萬眾。大師時年十八，至襄州果願寺依乎舅氏而出家焉。至陳太平三年，時年二十，進受具足，依慧曠律師通於律藏。至陳乾明元年，始入光州依思禪師稟受禪法，時年二十三。至陳光太元年，辭師入鄴，時年三十。至陳太建七年初入天台，時年三十八。至太建九年，勅置修禪寺。至十三年，帝請出鄴。至陳貞明三年，即隋開皇十一年，旋荊置寺以答地恩。初名一音，後改玉泉，泉色如玉因以名焉。寺者，西方云僧伽藍，此云眾園，亦通名精舍。此間方俗通以九司官舍曰寺，謂有法度之處也，故以法度之稱以名精舍。至十四年，時年五十七，於彼玉泉而說止觀。

The phrase "Great Sui", etc., refers to the time when the teaching was spoken. Since the sūtras are many, they generally speak of "at one time," which encompasses both long and short durations and includes both the subtle and the crude. Here, as it is only a single text, it specifically designates the Great Sui. The Sui received the abdication of the Zhou; their surname was Yang, originally people of Huayin in Hongnong. At first, following Emperor Taizu of the Zhou, he rose in righteous revolt west of the Pass, reaching the rank of Grand Minister of Works and enfeoffed as Duke of the State of Sui, personal name Jian. Later he ascended the imperial throne and consequently styled his state Sui. As for the character Sui (隨), the Yupian states that it adds the radical [辵]; it is pronounced with the fanqie phonetic d-u-ò (待過反); the character originally lacked the movement radical. When the Tang dynasty arose, considering that the Sui had already passed away (run away), they therefore added it. "Kaihuang" is the reign title. Huang means great. The Erya says: "Huang means to rectify, the utmost, great, and an appearance of flourishing vigour." The phrase "Jingzhou", etc., indicates the place of preaching. As for "Yuquan Temple", initially, in the second year of the Taiping era of the Liang, the ruler of Wei ordered Yuwen Tai to crush the two hundred thousand troops of Emperor Yuan of the Liang. The Great Master was eighteen years old at that time; he went to Guoyuan Temple in Xiangzhou to rely on his maternal uncle and left the household there. In the third year of the Taiping era of the Chen, at the age of twenty, he advanced to receive full ordination, relying on Vinaya Master Huikuang to master the Vinaya Piṭaka. In the first year of the Qianming era of the Chen, he first entered Guangzhou and relied on Dhyāna Master [Hui]si to receive dhyāna methods, being twenty-three years old. In the first year of the Guangda era of the Chen, he took leave of his master and entered Ye, being thirty years old. In the seventh year of the Taijian era of the Chen, he first entered Tiantai, being thirty-eight years old. In the ninth year of the Taijian era, by imperial decree the Xiuchan Temple was established. In the thirteenth year, the emperor invited him to come out to Ye. In the third year of the Zhending era of the Chen, which was the eleventh year of the Kaihuang era of the Sui, he returned to Jing[zhou] and established a temple to repay the debt of gratitude to the land. It was originally named Yiyin, and later changed to Yuquan (Jade Spring); because the spring's water was jade-like in colour, it was named after it. As for "temple" (si), in the Western regions it is called saṅghārāma, which here is translated as community garden (saṅgha-garden); it is also generally termed a vihāra (aranya / pure dwelling). In the local customs here, the official offices of the Nine Courts are generally called si (temples/courts), meaning a place governed by rules and laws; therefore, the designation of rules and laws was used to name vihāras. In the fourteenth year [of Kaihuang], at the age of fifty-seven, he expounded the Calming and Contemplation at that Yuquan Temple.