釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 10.11

10.11

第一、釋名。此八法門所以通名背捨者，背是淨潔五欲，離是著心，故名背捨。言淨潔五欲者，欲界麁弊色、聲、香、味、觸，貪著是法，沈沒三塗，名為不淨五欲。欲界定、未到地、根本四禪、四空，是中雖生味著，皆名淨潔五欲。今以背捨、無漏對治，破除厭離，不著欲界根本禪定喜樂，故言能背是淨潔五欲，捨是著心，名為背捨。

First, explaining the names. The reason why these eight Dharma gates are collectively called 'turning away and relinquishing' [i.e., liberations] is that turning away means turning away from the pure five desires, and relinquishing means abandoning the mind of attachment; hence they are named 'liberations.' Regarding the 'pure five desires': as for the coarse and vile forms, sounds, scents, tastes, and tangibles of the desire realm, coveting and clinging to these phenomena causes one to sink into the three miserable destinies, so these are called the impure five desires. The desire-realm absorption, the anāgamya, the foundational four dhyānas, and the four formless absorptions—although taste-attachment may arise toward them, these are all called the pure five desires. Now, using the liberations and counteractive undefiledness, one shatters and turns away from them with disgust, not clinging to the joy and pleasure of the foundational dhyānas of the desire [and form] realms. Therefore it is said that being able to turn away from these pure five desires and relinquish this mind of attachment is called 'turning away and relinquishing.'