釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 2.38

2.38

夫懺悔者，懺名懺謝三寶及一切眾生，悔名慚愧，改過求哀。我今此罪，若得滅者，於將來時，寧失身命，終不更造如斯苦業。如比丘白佛：「我寧抱是熾然大火，終不敢毀犯如來淨戒。」生如是心，唯願三寶證明攝受，是名懺悔。復次，懺名外不覆藏，悔則內心剋責；懺名知罪為惡，悔則恐受其報。如是眾多，今不廣說，舉要言之，若能知法虛妄，永息惡業，修行善道，是名懺悔。

Now, as for repentance: *kṣama* (repent) means to seek forgiveness from the Three Jewels and all sentient beings; *paścāttāpa* (regret) means to feel shame and remorse, reform one's errors, and plead for pity. [One resolves:] 'If this guilt of mine can now be eliminated, then in the future, I would rather lose body and life than ever again create such miserable karma.' As a monk said to the Buddha: 'I would rather embrace this blazing great fire than ever dare to violate the Tathāgata's pure precepts.' Generating such a mind, one prays only that the Three Jewels bear witness and take one in—this is called repentance. Furthermore, *kṣama* means not concealing outwardly, while *paścāttāpa* means reproaching oneself internally; *kṣama* means knowing guilt to be evil, while *paścāttāpa* means dreading receiving its retribution. There are many such explanations, which will not be elaborated now; to state the essentials, if one can know phenomena to be deceptive and vain, permanently cease evil karma, and cultivate the wholesome path, this is called repentance.