釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 5.66

5.66

Second, in explaining the meaning of the factors: as the Yingluo jing says: 'Dhyāna is called a grove of branches.' This clarifies the meaning based on the general and the particular. The word 'branch' (factor) has the meaning of branching off. Just as conditioned by a tree's root and trunk there are branches, and while the root and trunk are one, the branches differ, the meaning of factors in dhyāna is also like this: from a single concentrated mind five factors are generated; this is the particular meaning within the general. What is called a 'grove' is like a grove being so named because of many trees; the meaning of dhyāna is also like this: the five factors harmonize together and collectively receive the designation of dhyāna. This is based on the general within the particular. Thus we know that if dhyāna is spoken of, one knows there are five factors, just as on hearing the name of a grove, one must know there are trees and branches. Furthermore, someone said: 'It has the meaning of supporting.' In the desire realm and anāgamya, although there is a purely quiet concentrated mind, there are not yet the five factors such as vitarka and vicāra mutually supporting it; thus the concentrated mind is shallow, weak, and easily lost. If one attains the first dhyāna, there are dharmas such as vitarka and vicāra, and the concentrated mind is secure, solid, and hard to destroy.