佛祖統紀 33.21

33.21

供羅漢　佛滅時。付囑十六阿羅漢。與諸施主作真福田。時阿羅漢咸承佛勅。以神通力延自壽量。若請四方僧設無遮施。或所住處。或詣寺中。此諸尊者及諸眷屬。分散往赴。蔽隱聖儀密受供具。令諸施主得勝果報（法住記。始賓度羅終半托迦。凡十六位）除四大羅漢十六羅漢。餘皆入滅。四大羅漢者。彌勒下生經云。迦葉。賓頭盧。羅云。軍徒鉢歎。十六羅漢出寶雲經。然賓頭盧羅云已在十六之數。今有言十八者。即加迦葉軍徒（妙樂○賓頭盧此云不動。有於十六加賓頭盧者。即是賓度羅。加慶友者。自是佛滅百年造法住記者。述十六羅漢受囑住世。則知慶友不在住世之列。今欲論十八住者。當以妙樂為證。淨覺撰禮讚文。亦撮妙樂）。

Offerings to the Arhats: At the time of the Buddha's nirvāṇa, he entrusted the sixteen arhats to serve as true fields of merit for various donors. At that time, the arhats all received the Buddha's command, using their supernatural powers to extend their own lifespans. If one invites the Saṃgha from the four quarters and establishes an unrestricted offering, whether at their dwelling place or at a monastery, these venerable ones and their retinues disperse and attend, concealing their holy forms to receive the offering implements secretly, causing all donors to obtain superior karmic rewards. (The Fazhu ji, beginning with Piṇḍola and ending with Panthaka, lists sixteen seats in total.) Except for the four great arhats and the sixteen arhats, the rest all entered parinirvāṇa. As for the four great arhats, the Mile xiasheng jing says they are Kāśyapa, Piṇḍola, Rāhula, and Kuṇḍadhāna. The sixteen arhats come from the Baoyun jing. However, Piṇḍola and Rāhula are already among the sixteen. Now, those who speak of eighteen add Kāśyapa and Kuṇḍadhāna. (The Miaole: "Piṇḍola here means 'unmoving'. Some who add Piṇḍola to the sixteen are referring to Piṇḍola [Bhāradvāja]. Those who add Nandimitra [Qingyou] are mistaken, as he is merely the author of the Fazhu ji, written a hundred years after the Buddha's nirvāṇa, recounting the sixteen arhats receiving the entrustment to remain in the world; thus one knows that Nandimitra is not among those who remain in the world. Now, if one wishes to discuss the eighteen who remain, one should take the Miaole as evidence. Jingjue, in composing his ritual praises, also summarized the Miaole.")