佛祖統紀 10.53

10.53

Dharma Master Qingzhao, courtesy name Ziwen, was of the Hu clan of Qiantang. In his youth, he left household life at the Kaihua Cloister, and at thirteen, he received the full precepts. He studied the Tiantai way, expending effort for seventeen years under Master Qing of Fengxian. When Fengxian passed away, the assembly invited the master to succeed him in lecturing, completely displaying the demeanor of his master. Before long, he moved to Shibing; belonging to the Fantian [Temple] south of the city, he met Mingshe, who gave up his residence as a lecture hall. Acceding to the request, the master came to reside there, and the atmosphere of lecturing flourished greatly. In the fourth month of the first year of the Tianxi era, he passed away without illness. In his lifetime, he lectured on the Lotus, Calm-and-Insight, and other divisions over a hundred cycles. His disciples who transmitted the teachings numbered ninety-seven, beginning with Xianrun. Prior to this, the Profound Meaning of the Golden Light existed in both an expanded and an abridged version. Master En composed the Elucidation Record to explain the abridged version; his disciples, the two masters Qing and Min, joined in establishing refutations to support and complete their master's interpretation. Thereupon, Great Master Fazhi wrote the Support of the School and Resolving Objections, striving to save the ten kinds of mind-contemplation of the expanded version. The master and Gushan also wrote the Distinguishing Errors to save the theory of the Elucidation. Fazhi then again cited earlier and later texts comprehensively to discuss it in detail, calling it the Book of Ten Meanings. The scholars of Siming then began to point to the teachings of En, Qing, Zhao, and Yuan, naming them the "Outside-the-Mountain"; this was indeed a term of disparagement.