釋氏稽古略 1.175

1.175

鬼方。契（音乞）丹也。鮮卑（山名）之遺種。北狄之國號。居黃水之南黃龍江之北。在秦漢曰匈奴。在隋唐曰突厥（音）。漢書音義。夏曰獯鬻。商曰鬼方周曰玁狁。

Guifang: that is, the Qidan (pronounced *Qi*). They are remnants of the Xianbei (a mountain name), the state title of the Northern Di. They resided south of the Huangshui and north of the Huanglong River. Under the Qin and Han, they were called the Xiongnu; under the Sui and Tang, they were called the Tujue (pronounced [*jue*]). The *Hanshu yinyi* states: "Under the Xia they were called the Xunyu, under the Shang the Guifang, and under the Zhou the Xianyun."