釋氏稽古略 1.200

1.200

諱發。西伯昌之子。既嗣位。以太公望為師。以弟周公且為輔。召公奭畢公高皆左右東觀（音貫）。兵至于盟（音孟）津（今懷孟路孟州）。諸侯不期而會者八百。皆曰紂可伐矣。武王曰未也。乃還師而歸。居二年紂暴虐滋甚。殺王子比干囚箕子。紂之兄微子乃抱其樂器而犇（音奔）周。於是武王遍告諸侯曰。殷有重罪不可以不伐。乃東伐紂。十二月戊午師畢渡盟津。諸侯咸會陳師牧野（即紂之都今河東山西道衛輝路也）。紂發兵七十萬人拒武王。眾倒戈無戰心而潰。紂乃登於鹿臺之上。衣其珠玉。自燔於火而死。武王斬紂頭。懸大白之旗。於時諸侯尊武王為天子。己卯武王元年殷初定。乃使其弟管叔鮮蔡叔度相紂之子武庚治殷。命召公奭釋箕子之囚。畢公釋百姓之囚。表商容之間。命南宮括散鹿臺之財。發鉅橋（今廣平路）之粟。以拯貧弱氓隷。命閎夭封比干之墓（衛輝路庸城也）。命宗祝饗祠于軍。乃罷兵西歸。武王追思先聖。褒封神農之後於焦（今亳州）。黃帝之後於祝。帝堯之後於蘇（隷幽州）。帝舜之後於陳。大禹之後於杞。封功臣謀士。師尚父為首於營丘曰齊。周公於曲阜曰魯。召公於薊曰北燕。畢公高於畢。弟叔鮮於管（鄭州）叔度於蔡。叔振鐸於曹。叔武於郕。叔處於霍。康叔封衛。聃季載皆少未封。制天下立七十一國。封兄弟之國十有五人。姬姓之國四十人。改正朔以建子月為正月。色尚青。服以冕。王木德。以居鎬。武王問箕子。以天道作洪範（尚書篇名）。封箕子於朝鮮（今遼西地）。而不臣也。餘各以次受封。武王將營居於洛邑。縱馬於華山之陽。放牛於桃林之野（河南府路陝西）。偃干戈振兵釋旅。王二年有疾。周公為壇告太王王季文王。請代武王之死。武王遷都於鄗。文王之廟在酆（並今陝西安西路也）。武王作樂曰大武。在位七年。壽九十三。初舜肇十二州以冀州南北廣大分燕北地為幽州夏殷併幽為冀。周襄王二十八年。北燕伯朝晉稱北燕。蓋有南燕故也。堯之後其南燕乎。北燕姬姓召公之後也。南燕姞姓后稷妃家也。

Taboo name Fa, son of the Western Earl Chang. Having succeeded to the throne, he took Taigong Wang as his tutor and his younger brother the Duke of Zhou, Dan, as his assistant; the Duke of Zhao, Shi, and the Duke of Bi, Gao, served as his left and right. Going east to view his troops, he reached Mengjin (present-day Mengzhou in Huaimeng Circuit). Eight hundred feudal lords gathered without prior appointment, all saying: 'Zhou may be attacked.' King Wu said, 'Not yet,' and turned his army back. Two years later, Zhou's violent cruelty grew even worse: he killed Prince Bi Gan and imprisoned Jizi. Zhou's elder brother Weizi then embraced his ritual musical instruments and fled to Zhou. Thereupon King Wu broadly proclaimed to the feudal lords: 'The Yin has grave crimes; it cannot be left unattacked.' He then marched east to attack Zhou. In the twelfth month, on the wuwu day, the army fully crossed Mengjin. The feudal lords all gathered and arrayed their troops at Muye (the capital of Zhou, present-day Weihui Circuit in Shanxi Route, Hedong). Zhou dispatched seven hundred thousand soldiers to resist King Wu; the host turned their halberds backwards, having no will to fight, and collapsed. Zhou then mounted the Deer Terrace, donned his pearls and jade, and burned himself in fire to death. King Wu severed Zhou's head and hung it from a great white banner. At that time, the feudal lords honored King Wu as Son of Heaven. In the yimao year, the first year of King Wu, the Yin was newly pacified; he then sent his younger brothers Guanshu Xian and Caishu Du to assist Zhou's son Wu Geng in governing Yin. He commanded the Duke of Zhao, Shi, to release Jizi from imprisonment, and the Duke of Bi to release the common people from imprisonment. He marked the village gate of Shang Rong. He commanded Nangong Kuo to disperse the wealth of the Deer Terrace and issue the grain of Juqiao (present-day Guangping Circuit) to relieve the poor, weak, and destitute subjects. He commanded Hongyao to mound the grave of Bi Gan (at Yongcheng in Weihui Circuit). He commanded the ancestral invocator to make offerings and sacrifices in the army, and then withdrew his troops and returned west. King Wu commemorated the ancient sages: he honored and enfeoffed the descendant of Shennong at Jiao (present-day Bozhou); the descendant of the Yellow Emperor at Zhu; the descendant of Emperor Yao at Su (subordinate to Youzhou); the descendant of Emperor Shun at Chen; and the descendant of Great Yu at Qi. He enfeoffed meritorious ministers and strategists: Grand Tutor Shangfu as the foremost at Yingqiu, called Qi; the Duke of Zhou at Qufu, called Lu; the Duke of Zhao at Ji, called Northern Yan; the Duke of Bi, Gao, at Bi; his younger brother Shuxian at Guan (Zhengzhou); Shudu at Cai; Shu Zhenduo at Cao; Shu Wu at Cheng; Shu Chu at Huo; and Kangshu Feng at Wei. Dan and Jizai were both young and not yet enfeoffed. Dividing all under Heaven, he established seventy-one states; the states enfeoffed to his brothers were fifteen, and states of the Ji surname were forty. He reformed the calendar and New Year, making the month with the zi branch the first month. Blue was favored in color, and caps were worn for ceremonial dress. He ruled through the virtue of Wood, dwelling at Hao. King Wu questioned Jizi about the Way of Heaven, composing the 'Great Plan' (a chapter title of the Shangshu). He enfeoffed Jizi in Joseon (present-day Liaoxi) without treating him as a subject. The rest received their fiefs in due order. King Wu, intending to make his dwelling at Luoyi, turned his horses loose on the southern slopes of Mount Hua and released his oxen in the wilds of the Peach Forest (Henan Prefecture Circuit, Shaanxi). He laid down the shields and spears, disbanded the troops, and demobilized the army. In the King's second year, he fell ill. The Duke of Zhou erected an altar and announced to the Great King, Wang Ji, and King Wen, offering to die in King Wu's stead. King Wu moved the capital to Hao; King Wen's ancestral temple was at Feng (both in present-day Anxi Circuit, Shaanxi). King Wu composed music called Great Wu. He reigned for seven years, dying at the age of ninety-three. Originally, Shun demarcated the Twelve Provinces; because Jizhou was extensive from north to south, he divided the land north of Yan into Youzhou; Xia and Yin merged You into Jizhou. In the twenty-eighth year of King Xiang of Zhou, the Earl of Northern Yan had an audience with Jin, styling himself Northern Yan, presumably because there was a Southern Yan. The descendant of Yao was likely the Southern Yan. Northern Yan was of the Ji surname, descendants of the Duke of Zhao; Southern Yan was of the Ji (姞) surname, the family of Houji's consort.'