廬山記 2.2.7

2.2.7

In it there is sometimes five-coloured light, so ordinary people call it the Bodhisattva Stone. Next is Arhat Terrace, then Avalokiteśvara Spring, and then one reaches Huiri Cloister. Five Peaks Peak lies in front of it. Below Five Peaks Peak is the Great Hero Hermitage, three li from Huiri. The mountain peaks encircle and tower up like city walls; it is also a secluded spot apart. The record by Academician Qian Yi states: In the second year of Zhenguan, an Indian monk explored the mountain and, loving its depth and seclusion as resembling the place where the Great Hero expounded the Dharma, named it Great Hero. During the Dahe era, Xuanzong took refuge from turmoil and once dwelt there with the monk Zhixian. Returning to the official road and walking seven li among the fields, one reaches the Buddha Hall Hermitage, which barely resembles anything more than a farm cottage. One li from the Buddha Hall, one arrives at Xingfu Hermitage, which is once again intact and clean. Three li from Xingfu, one reaches Zhilin Cloister, formerly named Ciyun. In front of it is Auspicious Cloud Cliff; like collapsing clouds, its purple and emerald greens seem ready to fall to the earth. Great Master Mazu once dwelt here. There are Mazu Cliff and Mazu Spring. Three li to its north, one reaches Wuzhang Ridge; once across the ridge, it is the boundary of Jiangzhou. Ten li southwest of Huiri, one arrives at Dacheng Hermitage. The mountain contours resemble city ramparts, hence the name Dacheng ('Great Ramparts'). One li to its north, one passes Zhang Family Mountain; the several hundred households in the mountain are all surnamed Zhang. Three li west of Zhang Mountain, one reaches Yanzhen Abbey, formerly named Zhaode Abbey. In the third year of Zhiping, it was bestowed its present name. It was founded during the Zhenyuan era of the Tang by the female Daoist Li. Her Daoist name was Tengkong, and she was the daughter of Prime Minister Li Linfu. Li Taibai's poem on seeing off the female Daoist Li returning to Mount Lu says:
I envy you, daughter of a prime minister's gate,
Who study the Dao and cherish immortals.
Your pale hands ladle autumn mists,
Your silk robe trails purple smoke.
Once you go to the Folded Screen,
Mounting a simurgh, you grip a jade whip.
When Liu Hun entered court from his post as Prefect of Jiangzhou, it coincided with the passing of Empress Zhaode. He therefore suggested that the dwellings of Cai Xunzhen and Tengkong at Yongzhen Cave could be granted abbey names to extend posthumous veneration. Emperor Dezong thereupon named Yongzhen Cave after Xunzhen, and this abbey was named with the posthumous title Zhaode. In recent times, enthusiasts have carved on the shrine wall Taibai's poem seeing off the female Daoist returning to the mountain, together with his poem seeing off his wife to seek Tengkong. One li west of the front of Zhaode is Eastern Dengyun Hermitage. Its woods are deep and its waters distant; it is also one of the mountain's fine sites. East of Qixian Torrent there is also a Dengyun Hermitage, so this one is distinguished with 'Eastern'. Zhaode Spring is north of the abbey. Above the spring is Lingyun Peak, and below the peak is Jinghui Cloister, one li from Zhaode Abbey. In the Tang, it was named Yongchang Cloister; during the Xiangfu era, it was changed to its present name. The cloister record states: During the Hongshi era of the Qin, Senior Monk De'an came from Western Liang to dwell here. During the Guanghua era, Senior Monk Xifeng rebuilt it, and Li Fengzong, Marquis of Chengji and Prefect of Jiangzhou, memorialised for it to be Yongchang Cloister. It was composed by the monk Qi Ji in the fifth year of Tianyou, the wuchen year. Twenty li west of Zhaode along the official road, one reaches Xunzhen Chongxu Abbey, anciently called Yongzhen Cave. The Daoist text Zhengao recounts the thirty-six grotto-heavens, listing Yongzhen Grotto-Heaven as the eighth, and the seventy-two blessed lands, listing Mount Lu as the Yuanchen Blessed Land. This abbey is indeed the Yongzhen Grotto-Heaven. Five Elders Peak lies directly behind it. In the Zhenyuan era of the Tang, the female Daoist Cai Xunzhen dwelt here, hence it was named after her. Behind the abbey is White Dragon Pool, into which a hanging waterfall pours. Old histories state: When Emperor Wu of Han passed Jiujiang, he built the Yuzhang Lodge below Folded Screen Peak, overlooking Lovesickness Torrent. Now, one of the peaks of the Five Elders piles up stones like a folding screen; this is probably its ancient site. At present, above the pool stands Lujing Pavilion. Two li southwest below Xunzhen is Pujue Cloister, formerly named Changqing. Returning ten li westward from Pujue, one also reaches Luohan Chan Cloister. Five li south of Luohan, one reaches Shenghui Manor, which is what was granted to Guangji during the Xianping era; when Guangji died, he was also buried there. Two li south of the manor is Dachong Hermitage. Exiting one li northeast of Nankang Military Prefecture through Xunyang Gate, there is Dong'an Cloister. Within the cloister is Chonghu Pavilion, looking south toward Yanglan and Zuoli, and facing Gongting Lake to the north. Regarding the Gongting Spirit Shrine on the lake, the Huanyu ji states that it was established in the fifteenth year of King Wu of Zhou. Its spirit can divide the wind and cleave the currents; travellers who pass by must offer reverent sacrifices before they can proceed. Thus Cao Pi's poem says:
It divides the wind in two,
And cleaves the current into twain.
Gan Bao's Soushen ji states: In ancient times, Zhang Gongzhi, Prefect of Wujun, was summoned back from his governorship and his route passed Mount Lu. His son and daughter went to view the shrine, and a maid pointed playfully at the statue of the consort, comparing the daughter to her. That night, his wife dreamt of betrothal gifts being delivered; terrified, they departed in haste. In mid-stream, the boat would not move. Everyone aboard took fright and said, 'Shall the entire household suffer calamity just out of love for a single daughter?' Gongzhi could not bear it, yet ordered his wife to lower their daughter into the river. His wife spread a mat on the water and substituted her deceased elder brother's daughter instead. When Gongzhi learned that she had cast in the niece, he rebuked his wife in fury: 'With what face can I face the world?' He then cast his own daughter into the water as well. When about to cross, they saw from afar the two daughters beside the shore. At their side stood a clerk who said, 'I, the Clerk of the Lord of Lushan, respect your righteousness, and have returned both daughters to you.' The Xunyang ji states that the spirit was delivered by An Shigao, and the spirit's manifestation is fully recounted in the tale of Snake Ridge. Even today boatmen still pray to it as they come and go. Shenlin Bay is northwest of the lake. Furthermore, exiting south from the military prefecture through Fuxing Gate, the Luoxing Stone lies within the waters of Lake Pengli. On the stone is Luoxing Temple. The place where Wang Sengbian and Emperor Wu of Chen defeated Hou Jing at Luoxing Bay was precisely this site. To its west is Fishing Terrace, and to the south is Liuqing Hermitage, also by the water. Drifting by boat from Luoxing Bay past Fishing Terrace for one li, one arrives at Mingxin Cloister, formerly named Cuiwei Hermitage. From Mingxin to Laṅkā Hermitage is five li. From Laṅkā to Sudhana Hermitage is five li. From Sudhana it is three li to Lingyun Hermitage. From Lingyun it is three li to Wanshan Chan Cloister. Five li southeast of Mingxin, one also reaches Falun Cloister on Mount Donggu. North from Falun to Wanshan Cloister is also ten li. There is also Mount Xigu, on which stands Xingshan Cloister, ten li east of Guizong. Thirty li to its east, one reaches Nankang Military Prefecture.