弘明集 8.22

8.22

Opening the gates for great almsgiving shares beauty with all beings. The lingering qi of heterodox paths, however, performs tomb-gate kitchen releases, being proud of hidden feasts and harbouring the ways of wild beasts. In former times, Zhang Zi Lu released blessings in Hanzhong, holding a great assembly of libationers and demon soldiers (Demon soldiers, demon people, demon clerks, demon ways—these were titles made by Zi Lu because he belittled the Di and Yi. Furthermore, 'Celestial Master', 'Succeeding Master', 'Inheriting Master', and the 'Three Female Masters' were laudatory titles Zhang Lu conferred upon himself. Also, 'Dao men', 'female officials', 'Dao fathers', 'Dao mothers', 'divine lords', and 'seed people' were names for goods bestowed after the mingling of qi. Moreover, 'Rice people', 'Rice clans', and 'libationers of capital merit' were names used to pacify and transform during times of famine. In addition, 'Pindao' and 'Dharma Master of the Three Caverns' were titles coined by the monk Sengyi of Chang'an. Furthermore, 'Xiansheng', 'Dao people', 'immortal lords', and 'people of Moling County' were coined by Wang Lingqi. Moreover, 'Daoist', 'ant bandit', 'wine-regulating', and 'rice bandit' were designations applied by the world. Also, 'Dharma Master', 'Chief Lecturer', and 'Sūtra Attendant' were titles instituted by Lu Xiujing by imitating Buddhism and relying on worldly customs. Further, 'Heavenly Duke', 'Earthly Duke', as well as styling themselves 'servant and concubine', 'Way of Great Peace', 'Way of the Five Pecks of Rice', 'Great Way', 'Purple Way', and 'Demonic Divine Master Lord' were borrowed prestigious titles used while acting as bandits. In addition, Luan Da of Jiaodong was appointed General of the Five Benefits; though he had enfeoffment, he lacked the integrity of a minister, and by the end of Han Wudi's reign was no longer titled as such).