廣弘明集 26.122

26.122

大慧菩薩說偈問已。復白佛言。惟願世尊。為我等說食不食肉功德過惡。我及諸菩薩。於現在未來當為種種悕望肉食眾生分別說法。令彼眾生慈心相向。得慈心已各於住地清淨明了疾得究竟無上菩提。聲聞緣覺自地止息已。亦得逮成無上菩提。惡邪論法。諸外道輩。邪見斷常顛倒計著。尚有遮法不聽食肉。況復如來世間救護。正法成就而食肉耶。佛告大慧。善哉善哉。諦聽諦聽善思念之。當為汝說。大慧白佛。唯然受教。佛告大慧。有無量因緣不應食肉。然我今當為汝略說。謂一切眾生從本已來展轉因緣常為六親。以親想故不應食肉。驢騾駱駝狐狗牛馬人獸等肉。屠者雜賣故不應食肉。不淨氣分所生長故不應食肉。眾生聞氣悉生恐怖。如栴陀羅及譚婆等。狗見憎惡驚怖群吠故不應食肉。又令修行者慈心不生故不應食肉。凡愚所嗜臭穢不淨。無善名稱故不應食肉。令諸呪術不成就故不應食肉。以殺生者見形起識。深味著故不應食肉。彼食肉者諸天所棄故不應食肉。令口氣臭故不應食肉。多惡夢故不應食肉。空閑林中虎狼聞香故不應食肉。令飲食無節故不應食肉。令修行者不生厭離故不應食肉。我常說言。凡所飲食。作食子肉想。作服藥想。故不應食肉。聽食肉者。無有是處。復次大慧。過去有王。名師子蘇陀娑。食種種肉遂至食人。臣民不堪即便謀反斷其俸祿。以食肉者有如是過故不應食肉。復次大慧。凡諸殺者為財利故殺生屠販。彼諸愚癡食肉眾生。以錢為網而捕諸肉。彼殺生者。若以財物若以釣網。取彼空行水陸眾生。種種殺害屠販求利。大慧。亦無不教不求不想而有魚肉。以是義故不應食肉。大慧。我有時說遮五種肉。或制十種。今於此經一切種一切時。開除方便一切悉斷。大慧。如來應供等正覺。尚無所食。況食魚肉。亦不教人。以大悲前行故。視一切眾生猶如一子。是故不聽令食子肉。爾時世尊欲重宣此義。而說偈言。

Bodhisattva Mahāmati, having asked in verse, again said to the Buddha: "We pray only that the World-Honoured One will explain for us the merits and faults of eating and not eating meat. In the present and future, I and the bodhisattvas will distinguish and explain the Dharma for all kinds of beings who crave meat, causing them to turn toward one another with thoughts of compassion; and having attained thoughts of compassion, to abide in their respective grounds, pure and clear, quickly attaining ultimate, unsurpassed bodhi; and causing śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, having ceased on their own grounds, to also attain unsurpassed bodhi. Even the doctrines of evil and wrong views held by non-Buddhists, who hold wrong views of annihilationism and eternalism with inverted grasping, have prohibitions against eating meat; how much less should the Tathāgata, the savior and protector of the world, accomplished in the True Dharma, eat meat?" The Buddha told Mahāmati: "Excellent, excellent! Listen attentively, listen attentively, and reflect on it well; I will explain it for you." Mahāmati said to the Buddha: "Yes, indeed, I receive your teaching." The Buddha told Mahāmati: "There are countless causes and conditions for not eating meat; however, I shall now explain them briefly for you. Sentient beings from the beginningless past, through the mutual succession of conditions, have constantly been one's six relatives; because of the thought of kinship, one should not eat meat. The flesh of donkeys, mules, camels, foxes, dogs, cattle, horses, humans, and beasts are mixed and sold by butchers; therefore one should not eat meat. It is born and grown from impure elements; therefore one should not eat meat. Sentient beings smell the odor and are terrified, just as when dogs see caṇḍālas, dombas, and the like, they detest them and bark in terror; therefore one should not eat meat. Furthermore, it prevents a practitioner from giving rise to a mind of compassion; therefore one should not eat meat. Craved by the common and foolish, stinking, foul, and impure, it lacks good repute; therefore one should not eat meat. It causes spells not to be accomplished; therefore one should not eat meat. Because a killer, seeing the form, generates consciousness [of desire] and deeply craves its flavor; therefore one should not eat meat. Those who eat it are abandoned by the devas; therefore one should not eat meat. It causes foul breath; therefore one should not eat meat. It causes many nightmares; therefore one should not eat meat. In empty, secluded forests, tigers and wolves smell its scent; therefore one should not eat meat. It causes eating and drinking to lack moderation; therefore one should not eat meat. It prevents a practitioner from giving rise to revulsion [toward saṃsāra]; therefore one should not eat meat. I have constantly said: in all eating and drinking, regard it as the flesh of one's own child, or regard it as taking medicine; therefore one should not eat meat. That I should permit the eating of meat—there is no such thing! Furthermore, Mahāmati, in the past there was a king named Lion Saudāsa, who ate various kinds of meat until he finally ate human flesh; his ministers and subjects could not bear it, so they rebelled and cut off his stipends. Because meat-eaters have such faults, one should not eat meat. Furthermore, Mahāmati, all killers take life, slaughter, and sell for the sake of wealth and profit. Those foolish meat-eating beings use money as a net to capture meat. Those killers, whether with wealth or with hooks and nets, take beings that move through the air, water, and land, killing them in various ways and slaughtering them for profit. Mahāmati, there is no fish or meat that exists without being ordered, without being sought, or without intent; for this reason one should not eat meat. Mahāmati, at times I spoke of prohibiting five kinds of meat, or instituting [a prohibition on] ten kinds; now in this sūtra, in every manner and at all times, abolishing expedients, all [meat] is completely forbidden. Mahāmati, the Tathāgata, the Arhat, the Fully Awakened One does not even consume [ordinary] food, so how could he eat fish and meat? Nor does he teach others to do so. Because he is guided by great compassion, he looks upon all sentient beings just as an only child; therefore, he does not permit eating a child's flesh." At that time, the World-Honoured One, wishing to proclaim this meaning once again, spoke in verse: