廣弘明集 11.102

11.102

The Records of Wei states: 'Zhang Lu, courtesy name Gongqi. His grandfather Ling stayed as a guest in Shu and studied the Dao at Mount Huming, fabricating Daoist texts to delude the common people. Those who followed and received the Dao from him contributed five pecks of rice, so the world called them the Rice Bandits. When Ling died, his son Heng transmitted the trade. When Heng died, Lu transmitted it in turn. Ling was the Celestial Master, Heng was the Inheriting Master, and Lu was the Successive Master, styling themselves the Three Masters. He was initially on good terms with Liu Yan. When Yan died, his son Zhang succeeded him. Because Lu was disobedient, Zhang executed Lu's mother and household. Lu thereupon occupied Hanzhong and transformed the people with the way of ghosts, taking talismans, registers, petitions, and prohibitions as fundamental. Those who came to study were initially named Ghost Soldiers. Those who received the Dao used gold and silk goods and were titled Libationers, each commanding a contingent. Those with many followers were called Parish Heads. The sick were ordered to confess their faults. In general, it was similar to Zhang Jue.' The Biography of Huangfu Song in the Book of the Later Han states: 'Zhang Jue of Julu styled himself Great Sage and Good Master, serving Huang-Lao and practicing the arts of Zhang Ling. He used talismanic water and incantations to cure illnesses. He sent out eight disciples as emissaries to the four directions to carry out his teaching and conversion, successively duping and deluding people. In slightly over ten years his followers numbered several hundred thousand; among the people of the eight provinces of Qing, Xu, You, Ji, Jing, Yang, Yan, and Yu, there were none who did not respond. Thereupon he established thirty-six Fang; a Fang was like the title of general.