法苑珠林 88.169

88.169

又佛說齋經云。佛在舍衛城東丞相家殿。丞相母名維耶。早起沐浴著綵衣。與諸子婦俱出稽首佛足一面坐。佛問維耶。沐浴何早。對曰。欲與諸子婦俱受齋戒。佛言。齋有三輩。樂何等齋。維耶長跪言。願聞何謂三齋。佛言。一為牧牛齋。二為尼揵齋。三為佛法齋。牧牛齋者。如牧牛人求善水草飲食其牛。暮歸思念。何野有豐饒。須天明當往。若族姓男女。已受齋戒。意在居家利養。念美飲食育養身者。是為如彼牧牛人意。不得大福。非大明慧。第二尼揵齋者。當月十五日齋時伏地受齋戒。為十由延內諸神拜言。我今日齋不敢為惡。不為妻子奴婢。非是我有。至到明日。如彼尼揵外道。不得大福。非大明慧。第三佛法齋者。內道弟子月六齋日受持八戒。何謂八耶。

Furthermore, the *Sutra on the Fast Expounded by the Buddha* states: 'The Buddha was in the hall of the Prime Minister's household east of Śrāvastī. The Prime Minister's mother was named Vaiśākhā (Weiye). Rising early, she bathed, put on colorful garments, and with her various daughters-in-law went forth, bowed down at the Buddha's feet, and sat to one side. The Buddha asked Vaiśākhā: “Why did you bathe so early?” She replied: “I wish to receive the fasting precepts together with my daughters-in-law.” The Buddha said: “There are three classes of fasts. Which fast do you take delight in?” Vaiśākhā knelt and said: “I wish to hear what the three fasts are.” The Buddha said: “The first is the cowherd's fast; the second is the Nirgrantha's fast; the third is the Buddha-Dharma fast. As for the cowherd's fast: just as a cowherd seeks good water and grass to feed and water his cattle, and returning at dusk thinks, ‘What field has abundance? I must go there when day breaks’; if sons and daughters of good family, having already received the fasting precepts, fix their thoughts on household gain and offerings, thinking of fine food and drink to nourish their bodies, this is like the mindset of that cowherd: they do not attain great merit, nor great illuminating wisdom. Second, as for the Nirgrantha's fast: at the time of the fast on the fifteenth day of the month, they prostrate on the ground to receive the fasting precepts, and worship the spirits within ten yojanas, saying: ‘I fast today and dare not do evil; I do not act for wife, children, or slaves; they are not mine.’ When tomorrow arrives, they are like those Nirgrantha non-Buddhists: they do not attain great merit, nor great illuminating wisdom. Third, as for the Buddha-Dharma fast: disciples of the inner teaching receive and uphold the eight precepts on the six fast-days of the month. What are the eight?