諸經要集 18.38

18.38

如問地獄經及淨度三昧經云。總括地獄。有一百三十四界。先述獄主名字處所。閻羅王者。昔為毘沙國王。經與維陀始生王。共戰兵力不敵。因立誓願。願為地獄主。臣佐十八人領百萬之眾。頭有角耳。皆悉忿對。同立誓曰。後當奉助治此罪人。毘沙王者。今閻羅王是。十八大臣者。今諸小王是。百萬之眾。諸阿傍是。問地獄經云。十八王者。即主領十八地獄。一迦典泥犁。二屈遵典刀山。三沸進壽典沸沙。四沸典沸𡱁。五迦世典黑耳。六𡻘傞典火車。七湯謂典鑊湯。八鑊迦然典鐵床。九惡生典𡻘山。十寒氷（經闕王名）十一毘迦典剝皮。十二遙頭典畜生。十三提薄典刀兵。十四夷火典鐵磨。十五悅頭典氷地獄。十六鐵𥫼（經闕王名）十七身典蛆蟲。十八觀身典洋銅又淨度三昧經云。復有三十地獄各。有主典不煩具錄。但列五官名字知。一者鮮官禁殺。二者水官禁盜。三者鐵官禁婬。四者土官禁兩舌。五者天官禁酒。

As the *Sūtra on Inquiring into the Hells* and the *Jingdu sanmei jing* state: Comprising the hells in general, there are one hundred and thirty-four realms. First, we state the names and locations of the hell rulers. King Yama was formerly the king of Vaiśālī [or Viśālā]. He fought in battle with King Vaidarbha and was outmatched in military force. He therefore made a vow: 'May I become the lord of the hells!' His eighteen ministers, leading an army of one million, had horned ears on their heads, and were all filled with wrath. Together they made the vow, saying, 'In the future, we shall assist in punishing these sinners.' The former king of Viśālā is the present King Yama. The eighteen ministers are the present minor kings. The host of one million are the present ox-headed demons (āpaṅga). The *Sūtra on Inquiring into the Hells* says that the eighteen kings are those who oversee the eighteen hells: 1. Jiadian governs the Niraya; 2. Quzun governs the Knife Mountain; 3. Feijinshou governs the Boiling Sand; 4. Feidian governs the Boiling Excrement; 5. Jiashi governs the Black Ears; 6. Cuocuo governs the Fire Chariot; 7. Tangwei governs the Boiling Cauldron; 8. Huojiaran governs the Iron Bed; 9. Esheng governs the Crag Mountain; 10. Cold Ice (the sūtra lacks the king's name); 11. Pijia governs the Flaying of Skin; 12. Yaotou governs the Animals; 13. Tibo governs the Weapons; 14. Yihuo governs the Iron Mill; 15. Yuetou governs the Ice Hell; 16. Iron Canopy (the sūtra lacks the king's name); 17. Shendian governs the Maggots; 18. Guanshen governs the Molten Copper. Furthermore, the *Jingdu sanmei jing* states: There are another thirty hells, each with an overseeing lord, which need not be fully recorded. We merely list the names of the Five Officers so they may be known: the first is the Freshness Officer, who prohibits killing; the second is the Water Officer, who prohibits stealing; the third is the Iron Officer, who prohibits sexual misconduct; the fourth is the Earth Officer, who prohibits divisive speech; the fifth is the Heavenly Officer, who prohibits alcohol.