諸經要集 18.38

18.38

As the *Sūtra on Inquiring into the Hells* and the *Jingdu sanmei jing* state: Comprising the hells in general, there are one hundred and thirty-four realms. First, we state the names and locations of the hell rulers. King Yama was formerly the king of Vaiśālī [or Viśālā]. He fought in battle with King Vaidarbha and was outmatched in military force. He therefore made a vow: 'May I become the lord of the hells!' His eighteen ministers, leading an army of one million, had horned ears on their heads, and were all filled with wrath. Together they made the vow, saying, 'In the future, we shall assist in punishing these sinners.' The former king of Viśālā is the present King Yama. The eighteen ministers are the present minor kings. The host of one million are the present ox-headed demons (āpaṅga). The *Sūtra on Inquiring into the Hells* says that the eighteen kings are those who oversee the eighteen hells: 1. Jiadian governs the Niraya; 2. Quzun governs the Knife Mountain; 3. Feijinshou governs the Boiling Sand; 4. Feidian governs the Boiling Excrement; 5. Jiashi governs the Black Ears; 6. Cuocuo governs the Fire Chariot; 7. Tangwei governs the Boiling Cauldron; 8. Huojiaran governs the Iron Bed; 9. Esheng governs the Crag Mountain; 10. Cold Ice (the sūtra lacks the king's name); 11. Pijia governs the Flaying of Skin; 12. Yaotou governs the Animals; 13. Tibo governs the Weapons; 14. Yihuo governs the Iron Mill; 15. Yuetou governs the Ice Hell; 16. Iron Canopy (the sūtra lacks the king's name); 17. Shendian governs the Maggots; 18. Guanshen governs the Molten Copper. Furthermore, the *Jingdu sanmei jing* states: There are another thirty hells, each with an overseeing lord, which need not be fully recorded. We merely list the names of the Five Officers so they may be known: the first is the Freshness Officer, who prohibits killing; the second is the Water Officer, who prohibits stealing; the third is the Iron Officer, who prohibits sexual misconduct; the fourth is the Earth Officer, who prohibits divisive speech; the fifth is the Heavenly Officer, who prohibits alcohol.