諸經要集 20.76

20.76

Furthermore, the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: At that time, the Bhagavat held a great assembly to preach the Dharma. There was a monk with foul breath who stood downwind. The Buddha, knowing this, purposefully asked: 'Why does this monk sit alone?' He answered: 'The Bhagavat instituted a precept not permitting the chewing of tooth-sticks, so my breath is foul. Fearing to contaminate others, I remain downwind.' The Buddha said: 'I permit the use of chewing tooth-sticks. The maximum length is sixteen finger-widths, and the minimum length is four finger-widths or more. When chewing, one should first wash one's hands cleanly in a secluded place. After chewing, wash it with water and discard it. When chewing, one must not swallow it. If a physician says that for old age or illness one must swallow it, it is permitted. If one has no teeth, one should use ashes, alkaline soil, brick dust, ginger, stone powder, or powdered herbs to rinse the mouth before eating. If one wishes to pass water during a meal, one must first wash one's hands and the vessel with clean water, and then pass the water. If one's hand is defiled, one should catch it with a leaf. When drinking by mouth, one must not submerge the lips or let the vessel touch the forehead; one should drink holding it against the lips. When drinking, one must not drink it all; one should leave a little, rinse the vessel, and discard it from the spot where the mouth touched. When passing water, one must carefully guard the purity of the vessel. If one sees someone submerge the lips or touch the forehead, one should place the vessel in a separate spot and mark it with grass so that people know it is impure. If one prepares unseasonable drinks, drinking them should also follow the previous method.'