諸經要集 20.76

20.76

又僧祇律云。爾時世尊大會說法。有比丘口臭。在下風而住。佛知而故問。是比丘何故獨坐。答言。世尊制戒不聽嚼木。所以口臭。恐熏污人故在下風。佛言。聽用嚼木。極長十六指。極短四指以上。嚼時。當在屏處先淨洗手。嚼已水洗棄之。嚼時不得咽之。若醫言為老病須咽者聽。若無齒者。當用灰虜土塼薑石草末。洗口已食。若食上欲行水。當淨水先洗手器。然後行水。若手污者。當以葉承取。若口飲時。不得沒脣使器著額。當拄脣而飲。飲時不得盡飲。當留少許。洮蕩已從口處棄之。行水當好護淨器。若見沒脣著額者。當放置一處。以草作識。令人知不淨。若作非時漿。飲亦如前法。

Furthermore, the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: At that time, the Bhagavat held a great assembly to preach the Dharma. There was a monk with foul breath who stood downwind. The Buddha, knowing this, purposefully asked: 'Why does this monk sit alone?' He answered: 'The Bhagavat instituted a precept not permitting the chewing of tooth-sticks, so my breath is foul. Fearing to contaminate others, I remain downwind.' The Buddha said: 'I permit the use of chewing tooth-sticks. The maximum length is sixteen finger-widths, and the minimum length is four finger-widths or more. When chewing, one should first wash one's hands cleanly in a secluded place. After chewing, wash it with water and discard it. When chewing, one must not swallow it. If a physician says that for old age or illness one must swallow it, it is permitted. If one has no teeth, one should use ashes, alkaline soil, brick dust, ginger, stone powder, or powdered herbs to rinse the mouth before eating. If one wishes to pass water during a meal, one must first wash one's hands and the vessel with clean water, and then pass the water. If one's hand is defiled, one should catch it with a leaf. When drinking by mouth, one must not submerge the lips or let the vessel touch the forehead; one should drink holding it against the lips. When drinking, one must not drink it all; one should leave a little, rinse the vessel, and discard it from the spot where the mouth touched. When passing water, one must carefully guard the purity of the vessel. If one sees someone submerge the lips or touch the forehead, one should place the vessel in a separate spot and mark it with grass so that people know it is impure. If one prepares unseasonable drinks, drinking them should also follow the previous method.'