諸經要集 8.119

8.119

The Cowherd Sūtra, from a separate chapter of the Ekottarika-āgama of the same translation, states: "The Buddha told the bhikṣus: 'There are eleven factors by which a cowherd does not understand the proper management of grazing cattle and is not skilled in tending cattle. What are the eleven? First, the cowherd does not know colors; second, does not know physical characteristics; third, does not know grooming and brushing; fourth, does not know how to care for wounds; fifth, does not know how to make smoke; sixth, does not know how to choose the path to take; seventh, does not know where to place the cattle; eighth, does not know which path to cross the water; ninth, does not know how to follow good water and pasture; tenth, does not know how to milk cattle without leaving anything behind; eleventh, does not know how to distinguish and tend those that can be utilized and those that cannot. If a cowherd does not understand how to tend and care for his cattle according to these eleven matters, the cattle will never multiply and thrive, but will decrease day by day.' This is an analogy for the bhikṣu, who also has eleven kinds of losses and gains that cannot be described in full. Thereupon, the Buddha spoke in verse: