諸經要集 8.119

8.119

又放牛經。出增一阿含別品同譯。佛告諸比丘。有十一法。放牛兒不知放牛便宜。不曉養牛。何等為十一。一者放牛兒不知色。二者不知相。三者不知摩刷。四者不知護瘡。五者不知作煙。六者不知擇道行。七者不知處牛。八者不知何道渡水。九者不知逐好水草。十者不知搆牛不遺殘。十一者不知分別養可用不可用。如是十一事。放牛兒不曉養護其牛者。牛終不滋息。日日有減。此喻比丘。亦有十一種損益。不可具述。佛於是頌曰。

The Cowherd Sūtra, from a separate chapter of the Ekottarika-āgama of the same translation, states: "The Buddha told the bhikṣus: 'There are eleven factors by which a cowherd does not understand the proper management of grazing cattle and is not skilled in tending cattle. What are the eleven? First, the cowherd does not know colors; second, does not know physical characteristics; third, does not know grooming and brushing; fourth, does not know how to care for wounds; fifth, does not know how to make smoke; sixth, does not know how to choose the path to take; seventh, does not know where to place the cattle; eighth, does not know which path to cross the water; ninth, does not know how to follow good water and pasture; tenth, does not know how to milk cattle without leaving anything behind; eleventh, does not know how to distinguish and tend those that can be utilized and those that cannot. If a cowherd does not understand how to tend and care for his cattle according to these eleven matters, the cattle will never multiply and thrive, but will decrease day by day.' This is an analogy for the bhikṣu, who also has eleven kinds of losses and gains that cannot be described in full. Thereupon, the Buddha spoke in verse: