釋氏要覽 2.274

2.274

梵云。畢勒支底迦。唐言獨行。此有二。謂部行。麟喻也。瑜伽論云。常樂寂靜。不欲雜居修加行滿無師友教自然獨出世間中行中果故名獨覺。或觀緣悟道。又名緣覺華嚴經云。上品十善道修治清淨。不從他教。自覺悟故。大悲方便不具足故。悟解甚深因緣法故○二住持僧者淮高僧傳有十科。一譯經。二解義。三習禪。四明律。五護法。六感通。七遺身。八讀誦。九興福。十聲德（通惠大師云。為僧不預於十科。事佛徒勞於百歲）。右僧寶訖。

In Sanskrit, pratyeka; in Chinese, 'solitary walker'. There are two kinds: the group-walker and the rhinoceros-horn-like. The Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra states: 'Always delighting in serenity, not wishing to live among others, having perfected the preparatory cultivation, without the instruction of masters or friends, they naturally and solitarily transcend the mundane world with intermediate practice and intermediate fruit; therefore, they are named solitary awakened ones (pratyekabuddha).' Alternatively, contemplating conditions, they awaken to the Way, so they are also called condition-awakened ones (pratyekabuddha). The Avataṃsaka-sūtra states: 'They cultivate and purify the ten wholesome courses of action of the highest grade; not following instructions from others, they awaken on their own; because great compassion and skillful means are not complete, they understand the profound Dharma of dependent origination.' Second, as for the upholding saṅgha, according to the Gaoseng zhuan there are ten categories: first, translation of scriptures; second, explanation of doctrine; third, practice of meditation; fourth, clarification of the vinaya; fifth, protection of the Dharma; sixth, sympathetic response; seventh, sacrificing the body; eighth, recitation and chanting; ninth, promoting blessings; tenth, cantors of virtue. (Master Tonghui said: 'If as a monk one does not partake in the ten categories, serving the Buddha is in vain for a hundred years.') Here concludes the Jewel of the Saṅgha.