釋氏要覽 3.92

3.92

Affliction and oppression are its nature, because it is from that craving and desire that suffering is born. The Buddhabhūmi-śāstra states: "There are two kinds of bad things: first, sentient beings; second, the lands. Sentient beings have eight sufferings: 1. the suffering of birth; 2. the suffering of aging; 3. the suffering of sickness; 4. the suffering of death; 5. the suffering of separation from what is loved; 6. the suffering of not getting what is sought; 7. the suffering of meeting with what is hated; 8. the suffering of grief and sorrow. Second, as for lands, it refers to countries having much cold, much heat, being without rescue or protection, having much famine, much sickness, and so forth." The Dharmapada states: "Of the world's sufferings, none exceeds having a physical body. Hunger, thirst, cold, heat, anger, fright, sensual desire, enmity, and disaster all stem from the body. The body is the root of all suffering and the source of disaster. Exhausting the mind and straining thought, anxiety and dread are myriad-fold. The wriggling creatures of the three realms suffer injury and harm; bondage to self and me continues without rest in birth and death—all because of the body and desire. Leaving the world, one should seek extinction; restraining the mind and preserving rectitude, tranquil and without conceptual thought, one may attain nirvāṇa; this is the supreme bliss." The verse on bodily suffering states: / "From the extreme fatigue of riding mounts, / One seeks a place to halt and stand; / From the extreme fatigue of standing, / One seeks a place to sit and rest; / From the extreme fatigue of sitting long, / One seeks a place to lie in peace. / All sufferings arise from activity: / Pleasure at first, followed by pain. / Gazing, blinking, inhaling and exhaling, / Bending the body, sitting, lying down, rising, walking, standing, and moving back and forth— / None of these things are free from suffering."