一切經音義 11.90

11.90

𡙇減（上犬悅反。聲類從垂作𡙇。說文[午/止]瓦器也小口[瞿-隹+(工/止)]也厄耕反。說文𡙇字正體從作缺。郭璞注爾雅云缶盆也。蒼頡篇云缺顧也屈追反。顧野王曰缺玷也。說文云器破也從缶從夬省聲也下減字有兩音並是上聲從水從咸字體一種音訓所用意義各別本音耕斬反。考聲云損之令少曰減。說文云減損也又音咸黯反鵶減反字典云自耗欠下曰減。集訓云減耗也。字書云欠陷也。今取此後音也）。

Deficient and reduced: the upper character has the fanqie *quan* + *yue*. The *Shenglei* writes it with 垂 as 𡙇. The *Shuowen* [glosses 缺 under an earthen vessel entry]: an earthenware vessel with a narrow mouth, pronounced *e* + *geng*. The standard graph for 𡙇 in the *Shuowen* is written as 缺. Guo Pu's commentary on the *Erya* states: 'A *fou* (缶) basin.' The *Cang Jie pian* states: '缺 (*que*) means damaged (*gu*),' pronounced *qu* + *zhui*. Gu Yewang states: '缺 means a flaw or blemish.' The *Shuowen* states: 'A broken vessel.' It has the earthenware radical (缶) and a reduced form of 夬 as its phonetic component. The lower character 減 has two readings, both in the rising tone. It has the water radical (水) and 咸 as its component; the graphic form is of one kind, but the pronunciation and gloss have distinct meanings according to usage. Its primary reading is *geng* + *zhan*. The *Kaosheng* states: 'To diminish something so that it becomes less is called 減 (*jian*).' The *Shuowen* states: '減 means to diminish.' It is also pronounced with the fanqie *xian* + *an* or *ya* + *jian*. The character dictionary states: 'When something naturally wears away and falls short, it is called 減.' The *Jixun* states: '減 means to wear away and consume.' The character dictionary says: 'To lack and sink into ruin.' Here we adopt this latter reading.