一切經音義 12.71

12.71

豺狼（上床皆反說文狼屬也從𮙥長利反才聲也經文從犬作犲非也無此字爾雅云豺狗足也案豺有二類常群遊山谷大曰豺郎小曰豺奴每小者先行共獵禽鹿殺已守之而不敢食以待豺郎豺郎後至先食飽已然後豺奴啖其餘肉禮記月令曰季秋之月霜降之日豺乃祭獸即其候也下洛𡶩反說文狼似犬銳頭白額猛獸也豺豹之屬也）。

豺狼 The first character is pronounced dzh- + -æi [chái]. The Shuowen jiezi says: "A kind of wolf." It is derived from 𮙥 (pronounced cháng and lì) with cái as phonetic. The sūtra text writes it with "dog" as 犲, which is incorrect; there is no such character. The Erya says: "The chái has dog paws." Examining the jackal, there are two kinds that habitually roam in packs in mountain valleys: the larger is called cháiláng, and the smaller is called cháinú. Whenever they hunt, the smaller ones go first and hunt game and deer together; having killed them, they guard them without daring to eat, waiting for the cháiláng. The cháiláng arrives later and eats its fill first, after which the cháinú feed on the remaining meat. The 'Monthly Ordinances' of the Liji says: 'In the last month of autumn, on the day of Frost's Descent, the jackals sacrifice beasts'—this is that season. The second character is pronounced l- + -ɑk / -aŋ [láng]. The Shuowen jiezi says: "The wolf resembles a dog with a sharp head and a white forehead; it is a fierce beast, belonging to the class of jackals and leopards."