一切經音義 22.108

22.108

稽首作禮（周禮太祝辨九拜之儀一曰稽首再拜頭至地也二曰頓首再拜頭叩地也三曰空首再拜頭至手也四曰振首戰動拜也五曰吉祥拜𪗋縗不拜以下拜也六曰凶拜稽顙而後拜謂三年服者七曰奇拜謂一拜八曰褒拜謂報拜也九曰肅拜謂但俯而下手也）。

稽首作禮 (Bowing with forehead to the ground in salutation): The *Zhouli* Grand Invocator distinguishes nine forms of bowing: first is *qishou* (kowtow), bowing twice with the head touching the ground; second is *dunshou*, bowing twice with the head knocking on the ground; third is *kongshou*, bowing twice with the head reaching the hands; fourth is *zhenshou*, bowing with shaking and trembling; fifth is *jixiangbai* (inauspicious-mourning bow), bowing when wearing mourning garments; sixth is *xiongbai*, touching the forehead to the ground before bowing, for three-year mourning; seventh is *qibai*, a single bow; eighth is *baobai*, a bow in return; ninth is *subai*, simply bowing with hands lowered.