一切經音義 4.149

4.149

雉堞（上池履反字書云雉陳也公羊傳曰五板為堵五堵為雉百雉為城何休曰二萬尺也考聲城長三丈高一丈曰雉禮記天子城千雉蓋受百雉之城千也公候城百雉伯城七十雉子男五十雉但諸候之城皆𡙇其南面者以授過也但居而居不固守也下徒頰反杜注左傳云堞者城也上安墻也說文女垣也從土從葉省聲）。

雉堞 (Battlements: The upper character has the fanqie 池履 [zhì]. The Zishu says: "雉 means an array." The Gongyang zhuan says: "Five planks make a du; five du make a zhi; one hundred zhi make a city wall." He Xiu says: "Twenty thousand chi." The Kaosheng says: "A section of city wall thirty chi long and ten chi high is called a zhi." The Book of Rites says: "The Son of Heaven's city wall is one thousand zhi"—meaning it has an area accommodating a thousand walls of one hundred zhi. "A duke or marquess has a wall of one hundred zhi, an earl seventy zhi, and a viscount or baron fifty zhi." However, the walls of all feudal lords were left deficient on the southern side, so as to allow for egress, meaning they were intended for dwelling in rather than entrenched defence. The lower character has the fanqie 徒頰 [dié]. Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "Die means the wall itself; it is the wall set atop [the rampart]." The Shuowen says: "A woman's wall (parapet). It takes its semantic element from 土 (earth) and an abbreviated form of 葉 for its sound").