一切經音義 82.98

82.98

鰥寡（上古頒反禮記云老而無妻謂之鰥國語嫁聚不時曰鰥釋名云愁悒不能寐目鰥鰥然故其字從魚魚目常不閉從𥄳𥄳音談合反說文云目相反也亦惸獨義也會意字也下古瓦反毛詩傳曰偏喪曰寡禮記云老而無夫曰寡廣雅寡獨也弱也說文少也從宀下從頒頒分賦也故言少也）。

Widowers and widows (the upper character is pronounced with the fanqie 古頒 [k- + -an = kan]. The Liji says: "Old and without a wife is called a widower." The Guoyu says: "When marrying and taking wives is delayed past the due season, it is called widowerhood." The Shiming says: "Distressed and anxious, unable to sleep, eyes wide like a fish; hence the character is composed of 魚 [fish], for a fish's eyes never close, and 𥄳, pronounced 談合 [d- + -ap = dap]. The Shuowen jiezi says: "Eyes turned against each other; it also conveys the sense of being solitary; an ideogrammic compound." The lower character is pronounced with the fanqie 古瓦 [k- + -wa = kwa]. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing says: "Losing one's partner is called widowhood." The Liji says: "Old and without a husband is called a widow." The Guangya says: "寡 means solitary, weak." The Shuowen jiezi says: "Few; composed of 宀 with 頒 below; 頒 means to distribute, hence it means few").