一切經音義 10
English (machine translation) 10
- Language
- English
10.1
Compiled by the Translation Monk Huilin
10.2
Sounds for:
Suvikrāntavikrāmiparipṛcchā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, seven fascicles, with postface;
Bodhisattva Ruoshou Fenwei Jing, two fascicles;
Da Mingdu Wuji Jing, four fascicles;
Mañjuśrīparipṛcchā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, two fascicles;
Mañjuśrī Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, second translation;
Renwang Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, two fascicles;
Newly Translated Renwang Jing, two fascicles, by Daguangzhi [Amoghavajra];
Renwang Huguo Jietan Jing, one fascicle;
Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, Kumārajīva;
Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, Bodhiruci;
Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, Paramārtha;
Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, Xuanzang;
Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, Yijing;
Shixiang Bore Jing, one fascicle;
Naya Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, one fascicle, translated by Vajrabodhi;
Diyue Licu Jing, one fascicle, translated by Daguangzhi [Amoghavajra];
Damingzhou Jing, one fascicle, earlier translation of the Prajñāhṛdaya;
Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra, one fascicle, Kumārajīva;
Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra, one fascicle, new translation from Jibin [Kashmir].
The above nineteen scriptures in thirty-two fascicles share the phonetic glosses of this fascicle.
10.3
Suvikrāntavikrāmiparipṛcchā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra
10.4
Fascicle 1
10.5
Phonetic glosses compiled by Xuanying
10.6
尼坻 (Naiṣṭhika / Niṣṭhā: also written 濔泜, both forms identical; *zhi-ji* fanqie [zhí].)
10.7
治葺 (Repairing and thatch-roofing: [葺 is] *qin-li* fanqie [qì]; the Tongsuwen says: 'To thatch-cover is called 葺.' 葺 also means to patch and repair, to pile up, to thatch. Derived from the grass radical with 咠 as phonetic.)
10.8
諠撓 (Clamorous disturbance: [撓 has] the two fanqie *nai-bao* [nǎo] and *nai-jiao* [nào]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '撓 means disturbance.' The Guangya says: '撓 means disorder.')
10.9
三𠍴 (Three faults: ancient scripts write [塞-土+(念-(企-止))] and 𰻑; zhuan script writes 𮘧; nowadays written 愆, all identical; *qu-lian* fanqie [qiān]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '𮘧 means a mistake, an error.')
10.10
如矟 (Like a lance: [矟 is] *shan-zhuo* fanqie [shuò]; the Picang says: '矟 is also a spear.' The sūtra text writes 𪲫, a vulgar character.)
10.11
如𥍽 (Like a short spear: [𥍽 is] *chong-rong* fanqie [chōng]; the Guangcang says: '𥍽 is a short spear.' Sometimes written 𠝤, meaning to stab.)
10.12
憤恚 (Indignant rage: [憤 is] *fu-fen* fanqie [fèn]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '憤 means sullen anger; 懣 means vexation.' Indignant rage is the filling up of qi; an emotional agitation.)
10.13
覆罩 (Overspreading basket: also written 羅, the same; *zhi-jiao* fanqie [zhào]; a wicker cage for catching fish is called a 罩; here its figurative sense is adopted.)
10.14
[攸-ㄆ+(烈-列+重)]忽 (Swift and sudden: also written 倏 and 𨁀, both forms identical; *shu-yu* fanqie [shù]; 倏忽 is the appearance of swiftness and haste.)
10.15
坑埳 (Pit and trap: [埳 is] also written 坎, identical; *ku-gan* fanqie [kǎn]; the Picang says: '埳 is also a pit.')
10.16
敷啟 (To unfold and declare: also written 启; Kong [Anguo]'s commentary to the Shangshu considers 启 the ancient script for 啟, identical; *ku-li* fanqie [qǐ]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '启 means to open.')
10.17
懷憾 (Harboring resentment: [憾 is] *hu-gan* fanqie [hàn]; the Lunyu says: 'Though they wear out, I harbor no resentment.' Kong Anguo says: '憾 means resentment.')
10.18
嘶喝 (Hoarse and gasping: [嘶 is] also written 𧬊, identical; *xian-xi* fanqie [sī]; below [喝 is] also written [哎-乂+(太/皿)] and 𱓀, identical; *yi-jie* fanqie [yè]. The Fangyan says: '廝[哎-乂+(太/皿)] means choked. In Chu it is called 廝; in Qin and Jin some say [哎-乂+(太/皿)].' The Picang says: '嘶 means sound dispersing.' The Shuowen jiezi says: '嘶 is a sorrowful sound.' The Guangya says: 'Faintness of sound.')
10.19
欺侮 (To deceive and humiliate: ancient script writes 㑄, identical; *wang-fu* fanqie [wǔ]; 侮 is like slighting and disrespecting.)
10.20
Fascicle 2
10.21
沾濡 (Soaked and moist: [沾 is] also written 霑, identical; *zhi-lian* fanqie [zhān]; the Guangya says: '沾 means soaked; 濡 means wet.')
10.22
資財 (Goods and wealth: [資 is] *zi-yi* fanqie [zī]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '資 means commodities and wealth.' The sūtra text writes 貲, *zi-si* fanqie [zī]; the Shuowen jiezi says: 'Redeeming oneself from a minor punishment with property is called 貲.' The Tongsuwen says: 'Appraising goods and money is called 貲.' We note that 貲 also shares the meaning of 資.)
10.23
腥臊 (Rank and foul-smelling: [腥 is] also written 胜, identical; *xian-ding* fanqie [xīng]; below [臊 is] *sang-dao* fanqie [sāo]; 腥 and 臊 both mean foul odor. The Tongsuwen says: 'The stench of fish is called 腥; the stench of boars is called 臊.' 臊 has the pronunciation *jia* [jiā].)
10.24
酤酒 (To buy or sell wine: [酤 is] *gong-hu* fanqie [gū]; the Shuowen jiezi says: 'To buy wine.' The sūtra text writes 沽, which is the name of a river.)
10.25
博弈 (Board games: [博 in] ancient script is written 薄, identical; *bu-mo* fanqie [bó]; the Fangyan says: '博 is sometimes called 棊 [chess].' Below [弈 is] *yu-shi* fanqie [yì]; Qi and Lu called Weiqi 弈.)
10.26
梨軶 (Plow yoke: [軶 is] also written 枙, identical; *yu-ge* fanqie [è]; referring to that which is placed at the end of the shaft over an ox's neck.)
10.27
盥酒 (Washing [vessels] for wine: [盥 is] *gong-huan* fanqie [guàn]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '盥 means to wash hands.' Generally, washing or sprinkling any object is called 盥.)
10.28
罕 (Rare: *hu-han* fanqie [hǎn]; 罕 means seldom, referring to being infrequent and sparse; the character is derived from 冈 with 干 as phonetic.)
10.29
轡勒 (Reins and bridle: [轡 is] *bei-kui* fanqie [pèi]; dictionaries say: 'A horse tether; that by which a carriage horse is restrained and controlled.' The character is derived from 絲 with 叀 as phonetic. It is of the category of bridles, horse-head bits, and cheek-pieces.)
10.30
Fascicle 3
10.31
𠙽擲 (Clod-throwing: [𠙽 in] standard script is written 塊, identical; *kou-dui* fanqie [kuài]; that is, an earthen clod.)
10.32
[仁-二+(品/尒)]毒 (Painful and venomous: [懆 is] also written 憯, identical; *chu-jin* fanqie [cǎn]; the Shuowen jiezi says: '懆 means poisonous, painful.' The Erya says: '懆 means sorrowful.')
10.33
縱誕 (Unrestrained and deceitful: [誕 is] *tu-dan* fanqie [dàn]; 誕 means deceptive; also dishonest, untruthful.)
10.34
不憚 (Not fearing: [憚 is] *tu-dan* fanqie [dàn]; 憚 means having difficulty with; also to fear. The Guangya says: '憚 means alarmed.')
10.35
收穫 (Reaping harvest: [穫 is] *hu-guo* fanqie [huò]; the Shuowen jiezi says: 'To cut grain.' Cutting grass is called 刈; cutting grain is called 穫.)
10.36
Fascicle 4
10.37
Obstinate and perverse (很戾: [很 is] hu + ken fan; the second [character, 戾, is] li + ji fan. 很 means to oppose; 戾 means crooked; the character is composed of "dog" (犬) and "door" (戶)).
10.38
Repressed and frustrated (抑挫: [挫 is] zu + wo fan. The Shuowen jiezi states: "挫 means to break or subdue; it is also written as 𢬃").
10.39
Wild grass clothing (莣衣: [莣 is] wu + fang fan. 莣 is a type of grass. The Erya says: "莣 is durong." The commentary states: "It resembles cogon grass; its fiber can be made into ropes, cords, shoes, and sandals, etc.").
10.40
Eating taro (食芋: [芋 is] yu + fu fan. The Shenglei says: "A vegetable with large leaves attached to roots; named taro (芋) because its sight surprises (吁) people. The large ones are called crouching owls (蹲鴟); they are very suitable for steaming and eating").
10.41
Parched grain (炒穀: ancient forms are 𤌉 and 焣, both identical; chu + jiao fan. The Fangyan states: "熬 and 焣 mean dried by fire." The Shuowen jiezi states: "𤌉 means 焣").
10.42
Nairañjanā River (尼連禪河: it should be Nairañjanā [尼連禪那], or Xilianchan [熙連禪]. Translated here, ni means 'not', and rañjanā means 'delight and attachment'; it is called the river of 'Non-Attachment').
10.43
Kālika Nāga (迦梨迦龍: also called Kāraka Nāga [迦羅迦龍]; translated here it means 'Black Dragon').
10.44
Falling prone (倒仆: the ancient form 踣 is the same; pu + bei fan. The Shuowen jiezi states: "It means falling headlong suddenly," meaning falling forward on one's face).
10.45
Fascicle Five
10.46
Śaci (真胝: also written as 底, the same; zhu + shi fan. In Sanskrit, translated here as 'Well-Contemplating'; it is the name of a deva).
10.47
Servants and slaves (僕𱵰: the ancient form 䑑 is the same; pu + mu fan. The Guangya states: "僮僕 means servants employed for menial labor; 僕 means adhering to").
10.48
Companioning many (簉多: [簉 is] chu + jiu fan).
10.49
Cyperus rotundus (羺莎: [羺 is] nu + gou fan).
10.50
Gathering many (裒多: [裒 is] pu + gou fan).
10.51
Sumanā (須摩那: or sumana flower; its color is yellowish-white and it is also very fragrant. It does not grow into a large tree, only three or four feet high, drooping on four sides like a canopy).
10.52
Campaka (瞻蔔伽: or campaka tree [旃簸迦樹], correctly pronounced campaka tree [占博迦樹]. The tree is tall and large; its flowers are red and very fragrant, their scent carried farther with the wind. The Erya says: "It means abundant").
10.53
Parapets of the gate (門堞: also written as 𡍕, the same; tu + xie fan. The Guangya states: "堞 means parapet").
10.54
Xingxing (猩猩: also written as 狌, the same; suo + jing fan. It knows human names. It resembles a pig with a human face, or like a yellow hound barking like a dog. Its head is like a rooster's. It is found in Fengxi, Jiaozhi. Its cry is like an infant wailing. It knows what is gone but does not know what is coming; it barks like a dog knowing what is gone).
10.55
Śirīṣa (尸利沙: this is the silk tree [hehun] here. There are two species of this tree: if named śirīṣa, its leaves and fruits are large; if named śirīṣī, its leaves and fruits are small. This tree occasionally grows among people; rustic families east of the Pass mistakenly call it the śāla tree, which is this).
10.56
Fascicle Six (not glossed previously)
10.57
Fascicle Seven
10.58
Reed grove (荻林: also written as 藡, the same; tu + li fan. 荻 is reed grass; there is also reed bamboo).
10.59
Asādhya disease (阿薩闍病: meaning incurable).
10.60
Karuṇā-mahā (迦樓那摩訶: [mahā] translates here as 'great'; karuṇā translates here as 'compassion'. It means that the virtues of the Tathāgata take prajñā and mahā-karuṇā as their essence).
10.61
Eṇī (𪢊尼: also written as 咽, the same; yu + jian and yu + jian, two fanqie. Translated here it means 'deer king').
10.62
Nyagrodha (尼拘陀: it should be nyagrodha [尼拘盧陀]. Translated here it means 'knotless', or 'broad and tall tree').
10.63
Mādana fruit (摩那陀果: translated here it means 'intoxicating fruit').
10.64
Bimba fruit (頻婆果: translated here it means 'yearning / red gourd').
10.65
Entangled (所縈: [縈 is] yi + qiong fan. 縈 means circling; it means binding. The Tongsuwen states: "Winding spun yarn is called ying").
10.66
Dissatisfied (不愜: [愜 is] ku + xie fan. The Guangya states: "愜 means pleasing." The Zilin states: "愜 means joyful").
10.67
Postface to the Sūtra
10.68
Beginning to reach (始洎: [洎 is] qu + qi fan. The Hanshu states: "Reaching (洎) the former seven commanderies." Jin Zhuo said: "洎 means to reach").
10.69
Setting in one's mind (寘懷: [寘 is] zhi + shi fan. The Shijing says: "Placing (寘) it on the Zhou road." The Commentary states: "寘 means to place").
10.70
Praying and requesting (祈請: [祈 is] ju + yi fan. The Shijing says: "To pray for (祈) your rank." The Commentary states: "祈 means to seek").
10.71
Just then (甫爾: [甫 is] fang + wu fan. The Shiming states: "甫 means beginning." The Guangya states: "甫 means numerous").
10.72
Harmonious and peaceful (輯睦: [輯 is] ci + ru fan. The Erya states: "輯 means harmonious," meaning in accord. The second character [睦] is also written as 穆, the same; mo + hu fan. 睦 means respectful; it means fine).
10.73
Carrying the book-hamper (負笈: [笈 is] qi + ji fan. The Fengtu ji states: "A ji is a book chest carried on the back by scholars, shaped like a hat-box but lower." Xie Cheng's Hou Hanshu says: "Carrying the book-hamper and following the teacher").
10.74
Relay carriages (驅傳: [傳 is] zhi + lian fan, meaning travelling by successive relays. The Erya states: "馹 and 遽 mean relay carriages (傳)." Guo Pu said: "They are all names for relay carriages and post horses. 馹 is pronounced er + zhi fan").
10.75
Bestowing the jade tablet (錫珪: [錫 is] si + li fan; the second [character, 珪, is] gu + xie fan. The Erya states: "錫 means to grant (錫與)." The Shangshu states: "Yu was granted (錫) the black jade tablet (珪)," which is this).
10.76
Dividing at Shaan (分陜: [陜 is] huo + ran fan. The Gongyang zhuan says: "From Shaan eastward, the Duke of Zhou governed; from Shaan westward, the Duke of Shao governed." The Shuowen jiezi states: "The present Shaan County of Hongnong, the ancient State of Guo, is this").
10.77
Great difficulty (碩難: [碩 is] shi + yi fan. The Shijing says: "The great man (碩人) was so tall." The Commentary states: "碩 means great." The Xiao Erya says: "碩 means distant").
10.78
Dawn of wisdom (智昕: [昕 is] xu + yin fan. The Xiaoya says: "昕 means bright." The Erya states: "晣 means clear discernment").
10.79
Pengze converges (彭匯: [匯 is] hu + zui fan. The Shangshu says: "Converging (匯) eastward into the marsh as Pengli." Kong Anguo said: "匯 means swirling." The Sancang says: "The appearance of swirling water").
10.80
Wan Yin (萬駰: [駰 is] yu + shen fan and yu + jin fan; it is a person's name).
10.81
Suspicious of it (猜焉: ancient forms are [目*(栽-木+刀)] and 猜; now written as [怡-台+釆], the same; cu + lai fan. We find that 猜 also means suspecting; the Guangya states: "猜 means fearful").
10.82
Ru-shou Pusa Wushang Qingjing Fenwei Jing (Sūtra of Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī's Utmost Pure Alms-Begging)
10.83
Upper Fascicle
10.84
Compiled by Huilin
10.85
Deep bottom (底泓: [泓 is] yi + hong fan. The Shuowen jiezi states: "Deep and large below." The Guangya states: "泓 means deep").
10.86
Blowing and screaming (吹噭: also written as 嘂 and 譥, the two forms being the same; gu + diao fan. 噭 means calling; it means shouting; it also means crying out).
10.87
Stinging insect (螫虫: [螫 has] shu + yi and hu + ge, two fanqie. The Shuowen jiezi states: "An insect dispensing poison." In the text of the sūtra it is written as 𧋒, which is non-standard).
10.88
Hesitating step (躇步: [躇 is] chang + yu fan. The Shuowen jiezi states: "躊躇 means hesitating, lingering").
10.89
Candlestick and lamp (錠燭: [錠 has] the two sounds dian and ding. The Shenglei says: "A lamp with feet is called ding (錠); one without feet is called deng (鐙)").
10.90
Settlement of Lu (鹿𨽁: the ancient form 𨞮 is one variant; now written as 聚, the same; cai + ju fan. The Guangya states: "聚 means dwelling," referring to a village or hamlet where people gather and dwell).
10.91
Weeding with a hoe (𣐾鋤: also written as 薅 and 𣐾, two forms; the large seal script has it as 薅, or written as 茠, the same; hu + hao fan. The Shuowen jiezi states: "Removing weeds from fields is called xiu." In the text of the sūtra it is written as 䒵莇, which is incorrect).
10.92
Lower Fascicle
10.93
Impassioned sigh (慷慨: correctly written as 忱愾, the same; kou + zang fan; the second [character is] ku + dai fan. 怳慨 means sighing deeply; it also refers to an educated man failing to attain his ambition).
10.94
With a deep sigh (喟然: also written as [(├/(同-(一/口)+(共-八)))*又], the same; kou + kui fan. The Sancang says: "喟 means sighing." The Shuowen jiezi states: "A deep sigh." The Lunyu says: "With a deep sigh (喟然), he sighed and said..." He Yan said: "喟 is the sound of sighing").
10.95
Flowering and luxuriant (華孚: or written as [共/(百-日+ㄎ)]; the Shuowen jiezi gives [(木-(企-止)+((人/人)*(人/人)))/ㄎ], the same; fang + ju and xu + ju, two fanqie. The Fangyan states: "華[共/(百-日+ㄎ)] means flourishing; between Qi and Chu it is called either hua or [共/(百-日+ㄎ)]").
10.96
Gleaming brightly (玓瓅: [玓 is] ding + li fan; the character book gives the latter character as 䑈, the same; ling + di fan. The Shuowen jiezi states: "玓瓅 is the color of bright pearls." In the text of the sūtra it is written as 的, which is non-standard).
10.97
Brightly white (暠然: also written 杲; both pronounced *g[ǔ]-d[ǎo]*. The *Picang* says: "The appearance of whiteness; also means bright." It refers to being brilliantly luminous. In the sūtra text it is written 咼, pronounced *g[ǔ]-y[íng]*, which is incorrect).
10.98
Precociously intelligent (歧嶷: *j[ù]-y[í]*; the second is *y[ǔ]-j[í]*. The commentary on the *Classic of Poetry* says: "*Qi* means understanding intentions; *yi* means distinguishing and discerning." This means that when able to crawl, one already understands intentions (*qi-ran*), and one's appearance shows discernment (*yi*). It also refers to being six or seven years old. In the sūtra text it is written 奇, which is not the correct graph).
10.99
*Sūtra on the Limitless Brightness of Insight* (*Mingdu wuji jing*)
10.100
Fascicle One
10.101
Compiled by Xuanying
10.102
Good Actions (善業: in Sanskrit, *Subhūti*; also called *Soufudi* or *Subuti*. Here translated as "Good Reality", or "Good Actions", or "Good Fortune"—all have the same meaning. As for the rendering "Empty-Born", the Jin monk Kang Falang's *Za piyu jing* states: "In the kingdom of Śrāvastī there was an elder named Jiuliu who gave birth to a son named Subhūti. Because of his innate karmic reward, all food vessels were naturally empty, and he was named accordingly. Whatever he desired was immediately fulfilled. Later he left the household life and attained the path of an arhat." This refers to him).
10.103
Son of the Autumn Egret (秋露子: in Sanskrit, *Śāriputra*; formerly called *Shelizi* or *Sheli-fuduo-luo*. Here translated as "Son of the Myna Bird". He was named after his mother: his mother's eyes resembled those of a myna bird, or the eyes of an autumn egret bird, so he was named after her. The old rendering "Body Son" [身子] is an error. "Body" is *śarīra*, which differs in vowel length from this *Śāri*, hence the error. When called *Upatiṣya*, that is after his father's name).
10.104
Not dreading (不憚: *d[ū]-g[ē]*. The *Tongsu wen* says: "To be startled from the side is called *dan*. In the sūtra text it is written as the *da* of grief and sorrow [慘怛], which is incorrect).
10.105
Property and goods (貲貨: *z[ǐ]-y[í]*. The *Cang Jie pian* says: "*Zi* means wealth." The *Guangya* says: "*Zi* means goods." The *Rites of Zhou* says: "Circulate goods and wealth." Zheng Xuan says: "Gold and jade are called *huo* [goods]; cloth and silks are called *hui* [wealth]." It is also equivalent to 資. In the sūtra text it is written 訾; 訾 means to measure or calculate, and is not appropriate here).
10.106
Broad and generous (弘裕: in ancient script written 䘱; both pronounced *y[ú]-j[ù]*. The *Guangya* says: "*Yu* means wide and relaxed").
10.107
Brothers (昆弟: also written 晜; both pronounced *g[ǔ]-h[ún]*. The *Erya* says: "*Kun* means later." Guo Pu's commentary says: "It means coming after an elder brother." These are merely dialectal variations).
10.108
Canals and channels (溝港: *g[ǔ]-x[iàng]*. The *Zilüe* says: "A channel is a branching stream of water." Now the Sanskrit *srota-āpanna* corresponds to this; here translated as "arriving at the stream" or "entering the stream". In sūtras it is also rendered "traces of the path" or "distributed". Here it says "canals and channels", but "canals" does not capture the true meaning. In the sūtra text it is written 遘).
10.109
Enlightened practitioner (開士: refers to a noble person who opens and guides others with the Dharma. In Sanskrit, *bodhisattva*; also written 扶薩, or pronounced 薩, which refers to this).
10.110
Frequent returner (頻來: refers to a *sakṛdāgāmin*. Here translated as "one return". The character must be an error; it should properly be written 頓 [single]).
10.111
Self-enlightened through conditions (緣一覺: also called solitary realizer [獨覺] or condition-realizer [緣覺]. In older sūtras called "ancient buddha" or "pratyekabuddha", both of which are phonological corruptions of the Sanskrit. Here it is pronounced *piwenjia* or *beizhijia*; translated here as solitary realizer [獨覺]).
10.112
Path of worthy deportment (應儀道: also called worthy of truth [應真] or true person [真人]. Formerly called the fruit of non-attachment [無著果], also called *arahā*. Now called *arhat*. All refer to the same person).
10.113
Son of Full Invocations (滿祝子: pronounced *zh[ī]-y[ù]* and *zh[ī]-j[iù]*. That is, Pūrṇa).
10.114
Eliminator of famine (除饉: *q[ú]-zh[èn]*. In older sūtras written "eliminator-man" / "eliminator-woman", or "fragrant-man" / "fragrant-woman". Now we call them *bhikṣu* and *bhikṣuṇī*. According to the *Fenbie gongde lun*: "Worldly people suffer famine for sensual desires. A monk eliminates this hungry craving of famine, hence the name 'eliminator of famine.'" Furthermore, according to the Sanskrit, *bhikṣu* translates here as "mendicant", which shares the sense of eliminating hunger and famine. Kang Senghui's commentary on the *Fajing jing* also says: "Ordinary mortals are greedily defiled by the six dusts, like a starving man dreaming of rice, never knowing satisfaction. The noble ones cut off defilement and eliminate the hunger of the six senses, hence those who leave the household life are called 'eliminators of famine'").
10.115
Fascicle Two
10.116
Flattering and monstrous (佞𧕏: *n[ù]-d[ìng]*. Flattering and sycophantic; hypocritically virtuous. The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "Skill in speaking; also a term for virtue." The character is composed of 女 [woman] and 仁 [benevolence]. The *Analects* says: "I detest those who are glib [侫]"—this is the sense derived from 女. The *Zuo zhuan* says: "I am not glib, unable to serve my father and elder brother"—this is the sense derived from 仁. The second character is pronounced *w[ǔ]-ji[é]*. The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "Monstrosities among beasts, insects, and locusts are called 𧕏." In the sūtra text it is written 孽, meaning a fawn; also written 㜸, which is a modern character).
10.117
Fascicle Three
10.118
Dissolute husband (妷夫: in ancient script 佚; now written 劮; all pronounced *y[ǔ]-y[ī]*. The *Cang Jie pian* says: "*Yi* means dissolute." *Zhi* also means licentious).
10.119
Respectfully hesitant (將踧: *z[ǐ]-l[iù]*. *Cuji* means reverent and fearful; it denotes an attitude of deep respect).
10.120
Roughly select (麤捔: Ban Gu's introductory chapter in the *Book of Han* says: "*Jiao* means to select official colleagues." Meng Kang's commentary says: "*Jiao* is an ancient character for coarse, pronounced *c[ái]-zh[àn]*." Wei Zhao says: "*Cu* means rough and general").
10.121
Fascicle Four
10.122
Akṣobhya (阿閦: the character 閦 is absent from dictionaries; traditionally pronounced *y[òu]-l[iù]*. In other sūtras translated as Without Anger, also called Immovable, or Awakened Without Anger; all are semantic translations of the name).
10.123
Fortuitous stroke of luck (僥倖: also written 憿 or 徼; all pronounced *k[è]-y[áo]*. The second is pronounced *xìng*. Common speech refers to good fortune as *jiaoxing*, obtaining what is not due. The *Xiao Erya* says: "What is beyond one's due is called *xing*, hoping to obtain it. *Jiao* means meeting with; obtaining by lucky encounter." The *Chuci* says: "Wishing to take a chance [*jiaoxing*] to await the right time," meaning scheming for favor and serendipitous opportunity. The *Book of Rites* states: Confucius said, "The petty man practices frugality to take chances [*jiaoxing*]"—this is it).
10.124
Grieving and wailing (哀慟: *t[ú]-g[òng]*. The *Analects* says: "When Yan Hui died, the Master wept for him with wailing [慟]." Ma Rong says: "*Tong* means excessive grief").
10.125
Curtains and canopies (帷幔: *y[ūn]-g[uī]*, the second is *m[ò]-d[àn]*. The *Zilin* says: "What is at the side is called *wei*; what is overhead is called *mu*." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "*Man* means a canopy or curtain").
10.126
Dazzling and brilliant (炫煌: *h[ú]-m[iàn]*. The second character is also written 熿; both pronounced *h[ú]-gu[āng]*. The appearance of abundant radiance. The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "*Xuan* means to dazzle; *huang* means radiant light").
10.127
Dharmodgata (法來: in Sanskrit, *Dharmodgata*; or translated as Superior Dharma, or Mirror of Dharma; all have the same meaning).
10.128
Wall tapestry (毾壁: *t[ā]-d[á]*. A woollen mat, hung upon a wall and named after it. In the sūtra text it is written 闟, which is not the correct graph).
10.129
*Mahāprajñāpāramitā-sūtra Spoken by Mañjuśrī*
10.130
Pronounced by the monk Huilin
10.131
Gold ore (金磺: the second is *g[ǔ]-m[ěng]*. The *Guangya* says: "*Huang* means hard; iron ore is called *huang*; lead ore is called *lian*, pronounced *lián*." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "Ore of copper, iron, and the like; composed of 石 with 黃 phonetic." It is also written 磺 or 𨥑, both of which are vulgar graphs).
10.132
Striking with a mallet (椎打: the first is *zhu[ì]-zhu[ī]*. The *Yunying* says: "To pound and strike." Taigong's *Six Secret Teachings* says: "A square-headed iron mallet weighs eight catties with a five-foot handle." Gu Yewang says: "An implement used to strike things." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "To strike; composed of 木 with 隹 phonetic." In the sūtra it is written 鎚, an implement used to strike things; 鎚 is a vulgar graph).
10.133
Buds first emerging (皰初生: the first is *p[áng]-m[ào]*. This speaks of when the flowers of the Pārijāta tree in the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven are about to blossom, and floral buds sprout among its leaves; seeing them, all the gods rejoice).
10.134
*Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra Spoken by Mañjuśrī* (Second Translation)
10.135
Compiled by the monk Huilin
10.136
Bestowing wonders (齎妙: the first is *j[ì]-q[í]*. To hold wealth to give to another. Also written 賷, which is a vulgar graph).
10.137
Passing completely through (徹過: the first is *ch[án]-l[iè]*. The *Kaosheng* says: "*Che* means to penetrate, to leave traces, to open a way, or to discharge." Commonly written 撤; in ancient script written 徹. Some write 澈, meaning water is clear and pure, which is not the meaning here).
10.138
When buds emerge (生疱時: the first is *p[éng]-m[ào]*, also written 皰. The appearance of trees first putting forth blossoms).
10.139
Accustomed to seeing (慣見: the first is *gu[ān]-hu[àn]*. The *Erya* says: "*Guan* means accustomed." Also written 遦; in the *Zuo zhuan* written 貫 as a phonetic loan).
10.140
*Benevolent King Prajñā Sūtra*
10.141
Upper Fascicle (Translated by Kumārajīva under the Later Qin)
10.142
Compiled by the monk Huilin
10.143
Nine steps (九級: *j[īn]-j[í]*. The *Kaosheng* says: "Steps and stairs." Jia Kui's commentary on the *Guoyu* says: "Grades and distinctions." Zheng Xuan's commentary on the *Book of Rites* says: "Sequential ranks." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "Composed of 糸 with 及 phonetic." 糸 is pronounced *mì*).
10.144
All together (僉然: *qi[è]-li[án]*. The *Xiao Erya* says: "*Qian* means together." The *Guangya* says: "Many." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "All. Composed of 從 [now pronounced *j[īng]-r[ù]*] and 吅 [pronounced *xuān*], with two people side by side, which is the ancient form of 從; an ideogram").
10.145
King Prasenajit (波斯匿王: Sanskrit; in the Tang language, King Moonlight. According to the sūtra, this king is a bodhisattva who has already realized the tolerance of the non-arising of dharmas. Assisting the Buddha in propagating the transformation, he inquires about the profound Dharma essentials of the bodhisattva practices for protecting the body, protecting the state, and even protecting the fruit of buddhahood).
10.146
Mahāyāna (摩訶衍: Sanskrit; in the Tang language, the Great Vehicle. The *Erya* says: "*Yiyi* means great").
10.147
Resonant voice (洪音: *h[ù]-g[ōng]*. Kong Anguo's commentary on the *Book of Documents* says: "*Hong* means great; a phono-semantic compound").
10.148
City moat (城塹: *qi[ān]-y[àn]*. Gu refers to city walls and moats as 壍. Gu Yewang says: "Now the trench and pit outside a city wall." The character dictionaries say: "A city moat." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "A pit; composed of 土 with 斬 phonetic." Sometimes written with 漸 as 壍; both are identical).
10.149
Walls and enclosures (牆壁: the first is *ji[àng]-y[áng]*, explained below in the preface to the Bodhimaṇḍa for the Protection of the State. The second is *b[ìng]-m[ì]*. The *Guangya* says: "A *bi* is an earthen partition." The *Yupian* says: "An inner wall within a chamber." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "Composed of 土 with 辟 phonetic").
10.150
Spears and shields (矛盾: the first is *m[ò]-h[óu]*. Zheng Xuan's commentary on the *Book of Rites* says: "A *qiu* spear." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "Twenty feet long, mounted on war chariots; a pictograph; not found in character dictionaries." The second is *sh[ù]-y[ǐn]*. Zheng Xuan's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* says: "The five kinds of shields belong to bucklers and mantlets, whose specific names have not all been heard." The *Fangyan* says: "East of the Pass it is called *gan*; west of the Pass it is called *dun*." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "A buckler; composed of 厂, 十, and 目; a pictograph; 瞂 is pronounced *fá*." In the present sūtra it is written with 木 as 楯, which is incorrect, as that denotes a railing. Neither 鉾 nor 楯 is properly used here; neither is the standard graph).
10.151
Lower Fascicle
10.152
Utensils (什物: pronounced *shí*. The old *Yinyi* explains: "*Shi* means many, assorted; a term for counting and calculating. Everyday necessities are called *shiwu*." The *Zijing* says: "*Wu* refers to the myriad things. The ox is a great thing; when Heaven and Earth were formed, the Constellation Ox was led forth, so the character *wu* is composed of 牛 with 勿 phonetic").
10.153
Death and mourning (亾喪: the first character is 亡. The commentary on the *Classic of Poetry* says: "*Wang* means absence." Gu Yewang says: "To lose; to die." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "An omen; composed of 人 and 𠃊 [pronounced *yǐn*]. 𠃊 has the meaning of hiding." In the sūtra it is written 亡, a vulgar graph. The second is *s[āng]-l[àng]*. The *Book of Documents* says: "The common people mourned as if losing their own father and mother." The *Book of Rites* says: "Trifling with people causes the loss of virtue; trifling with objects causes the loss of purpose." Zheng Xuan's commentary says: "*Wang* means losing one's rank." The *Shuowen jiezi* says: "To perish; composed of 哭 with 亾 phonetic. The character 哭 is composed of 犬 and 吅 [pronounced *xuān*]; an ideogram, and also an associative transfer. In current clerical script, 犬 and 亾 are erroneously transformed into 衣, producing 喪; or written as [(口*〡*人)/(企-止+(┌/┌/─))], both of which depart far from the original; be aware of this).
10.154
Manacles, fetters, cangues, stocks, sores, and warts (杻械枷𰽄瘡疣: the above six characters are all explained in detail below under the new translation of the *Benevolent King Sūtra*).
10.155
Heaven and Earth (乾坤: the first is *qi[áng]-y[ān]*, the second is *k[ǔ]-k[ūn]*. Refers to the Two Modes: Heaven and Earth).
10.156
Vast ocean (巨海: *q[ú]-y[ǔ]*. The *Fangyan* says: "*Ju* means great").
10.157
尚殞 (In character dictionaries, 尚 means 'still'. The lower character is pronounced 雲 plus 敏 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '殞 means to die.' It is also written as 隕. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: 'It means to fall.' The Erya says: 'It means to drop.' The Shuowen says: 'To descend from a height.' The Yijing says: 'There was a falling from heaven.' It is composed of the radical 阜 with 員 as the phonetic element; 員 is pronounced 云).
10.158
蠢蠢 (Pronounced 春 plus 尹 in fanqie. The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: '蠢蠢 refers to the writhing movement of insects.' Guo's commentary on the Erya says: 'The appearance of stirring and shaking.' It is composed of the radical 䖵 with 春 as the phonetic element; 䖵 is pronounced 昆. It is also written with the radical 人 or the radical 心 as 𢝣 or 惷, which are equivalent vulgar variants).
10.159
波差憂波差 (This is a Sanskrit term that is extremely crude and inaccurate. In correct Sanskrit it is upāsaka and upāsikā; in the Tang language this means 'layman' and 'laywoman'. They uphold the five precepts or the ten precepts, and closely serve teachers, elders, and good spiritual friends).
10.160
淡泊 (The upper character is pronounced 唐 plus 濫 in fanqie; the lower character is pronounced 蒲 plus 莫 in fanqie. Note that 淡泊 means flavorless, quiescent cessation, or non-action).
10.161
彗星 (Pronounced 隨 plus 銳 in fanqie. Note that a comet is an ominous star. The Zuozhuan says: 'A comet is an emblem for sweeping away the old and displaying the new.' The Yisi zhan says: 'Trailing like a broom, or billowy like fluff and cotton, they are all omens of rebellion, chaos, and disaster.' The Kaosheng says: 'It is a bamboo arrow-reed; held in the hand it is 甡甡.' 甡 is pronounced 詵. It is also written with the bamboo radical as 篲. Because this star resembles a broom, it was named after it; it is also an ideogram).
10.162
漂沒 (The upper character is pronounced 疋 plus 遙 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '漂 means to float; 沒 means to sink.' The Shuowen says: 'It is composed of the radical 水 with 票 as the phonetic element.' In the sūtra it is written with the addition of 寸 as 㵱; an ignorant person added it recklessly, and it does not form a real character. None of the character dictionaries contain any form with 寸, so it should be eliminated).
10.163
[乞-乙+几]陽 (Pronounced 康 plus 浪 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '亢 means extreme; 陽 means scorching heat; 亢 also means drought.' The Shuowen says: 'The character 亢 represents a human neck; it is composed of an abbreviated 大 depicting the neck, with the lower part forming the veins.' The Shuowen writes it as 亢, which is ancient).
10.164
Preface to the New Translation of the Benevolent King Sūtra
10.165
Pronunciations compiled by Huilin
10.166
Composed by Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty
10.167
皇矣 (The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: '皇 means great, to correct, and admirable.' The Erya says: '皇 means ruler, or king.' The Shuowen says: '矣 is a final particle and rhetorical word.' The sound of the character 矣 has an archaic 以 above and a 矢 below).
10.168
剪稠 (The upper character is pronounced 精 plus 演 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '剪 means to sever or cut.' It is composed of the radical 刀 with 前 as the phonetic element. The lower character is pronounced 長 plus 留 in fanqie. Character dictionaries say: 'Dense grain; also numerous.' It is composed of the radical 禾 with an abbreviated 周 as the phonetic element).
10.169
綿絡 (The upper character is pronounced 彌 plus 編 in fanqie; the lower character has the sound 洛. It means entwined and interconnected like a net).
10.170
羅罩 (Pronounced 潮 plus 教 in fanqie. The Shuowen says: 'An implement for catching fish.' It is composed of the radical 冈 with 卓 as the phonetic element. Note that both 羅 and 罩 are composed with the radical 冈).
10.171
權輿 (The upper character is pronounced 逵 plus 袁 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'Constantly in accord with the Dao.' Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '權 means to hold.' It is composed of the radical 手 with 雚 as the phonetic element. The lower character is pronounced 與 plus 諸 in fanqie, and has 車 in the center. The Erya says: '權輿 means the beginning.' 雚 is pronounced 觀. That is all).
10.172
泳沫 (The upper character has the sound 詠. The Erya says: '泳 means to swim.' Guo Pu says: 'To dive and swim underwater.' The lower character is pronounced 滿 plus 鉢 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '沫 means to cease; it is foam upon the water; it also means end or to skim off.' It is a phono-semantic compound).
10.173
逾遠 (Pronounced 庾 plus 朱 in fanqie. The Guangya says: '逾 also means distant.' Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: 'It means to cross over.' The Shuowen says: 'To advance.' It is also written as 踰).
10.174
夕惕 (夕 means night. The lower character is pronounced 體 plus 亦 in fanqie. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: '惕 means fearful.' The Mao commentary on the Shijing phrase 'My heart is fearful and apprehensive (惕惕)' says: '惕惕 is like urgent apprehension.')
10.175
微枕 (The upper character should be 徹, pronounced 纏 plus 列 in fanqie. Character dictionaries say: '徹 means to remove, or to eliminate.' The Kaosheng says: '徹 means to pull out.' The Shuowen says: 'Penetrating.' It is composed of 彳 and 攴 with 育 as the phonetic element; 育 is pronounced 與 plus 六 in fanqie. The lower character is pronounced 之 plus 荏 in fanqie. The Yunquan says: 'A pillow is that which supports the head.' It is composed of the radical 木 with 冘 as the phonetic element; 冘 is pronounced 淫; 彳 is pronounced 丑 plus 尺 in fanqie; 攴 is pronounced 普 plus 卜 in fanqie).
10.176
假寐 (Pronounced 彌 plus 庇 in fanqie. The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: '寐 means to sleep.' Gu Yewang says: '假寐 means to sit in full robes and cap and doze off.' The Shuowen says: '寐 is composed of 未 and an abbreviated 㝱.')
10.177
遏𡨥 (The upper character is pronounced 安 plus 葛 in fanqie. The Cangjie pian says: '遏 means to obstruct.' The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: 'To stop.' Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: '遏 means to cut off.' The lower character is pronounced 口 plus 遘 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '𡨥 means bandit or thief.' The Yunquan says: 'Abundant and numerous.' The Shuowen says: 'Violent.' The Wenzi shiyao says: '寇 is composed of 攴 and 完, which is correct.')
10.178
著星辰 (Pronounced 張 plus 慮 in fanqie. The Yijing says: 'Of the visible emblems manifested brightly, none are greater than the sun and moon.' Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: 'That which is manifest without ceasing is Heaven; that which is manifest without moving is Earth.' It also says: '著 is like clear, to establish, or to accomplish.' The Shuowen omits it; in standard characters ancient and modern, it is written with the radical 艸).
10.179
甞澡 (Pronounced 遭 plus 老 in fanqie. The Zizhi says: '澡 means to wash the hands; it means to wash.' The Shuowen says: 'To wash the hands.' It is composed of the radical 水 with 喿 as the phonetic element; 喿 is pronounced 桑 plus 到 in fanqie; 盥 is pronounced 管; 洒 is pronounced 洗).
10.180
緬尋 (Pronounced 綿 plus 典 in fanqie. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '緬 means to ponder.' The Shuowen says: 'Fine silk.' It is composed of the radical 糸 with 面 as the phonetic element. The lower character was seen before: the character 尋 is explained as being composed of 又, 口, 工, and 寸).
10.181
𡕆夫 (Pronounced 於 plus 記 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '𡕆 is a sound of lamentation and grief.' It is composed of 壴 and an open-mouthed 欠 to make 𡕆. In the text nowadays it is written with 次 and 心 as 懿, which is an erroneous vulgar usage; its definition and meaning are distinct and it is not the original character. 壴 is pronounced 竹 plus 句 in fanqie. That is all).
10.182
竊景行 (Pronounced 千 plus 結 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'To take privately.' Zheng Xuan's commentary on the Liji says: 'To steal.' Han Ying's exposition says: 'Petty people stealing from within.' It is composed of 穴, 廿, and 米 with 离 as the phonetic element. Nowadays in clerical script 廿 is omitted; 离 is pronounced 先 plus 結 in fanqie; 廿 is pronounced 疾).
10.183
波斯匿 (A Sanskrit name, namely King Prasenajit of the Western countries, who requested the Buddha to preach the teaching of protecting the country and was the chief petitioner of the sūtra. In the Tang language it means 'Light of Sun and Moon').
10.184
永袪 (Pronounced 去 plus 魚 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '袪 means to pull out.' The Jixun says: 'To lift.' The Han commentary on the Shijing says: '袪 means to discard.' The Shuowen says: 'It is composed of the radical 衣 with 去 as the phonetic element.')
10.185
寔惟 (Pronounced 時 plus 軄 in fanqie. The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: '寔 means 是 (this/truly).' The Shuowen says: 'To stop.' The radical 宀 is pronounced 綿; the character 是 is composed of 曰 and 疋).
10.186
迺津 (The upper character is pronounced 奴 plus 改 in fanqie; it is also the ancient form of the character 乃, and a grammatical particle. The lower character is pronounced 井 plus 寅 in fanqie. Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli says: '津 means to moisten.' Guo's commentary on the Erya says: '津 means a ford or bridge.' The Guangya is the same. That is all).
10.187
共臻 (Pronounced 櫛 plus 詵 in fanqie. The Erya says: '臻 means to arrive.' The Kaosheng says: 'To gather.' The Jixun says: 'To reach.' Zhang Yi's Zigu writes it as 臸, composed of two 至, regarding it as the ancient form of 臻; it is a pictographic character).
10.188
緹油 (The upper character is pronounced 弟 plus 奚 in fanqie. Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli says: 'A greenish color; also a light reddish color.' The Shuowen says: 'Silk of a reddish-yellow color.' The lower character, 油, refers to oiled silk; the ancients used it to write and record events).
10.189
參差 (The upper character is pronounced 磣 plus 參 in fanqie; the lower character is pronounced 廁 plus 師 in fanqie. They are phonetic-loan characters. The Yunquan says: '參差 means the appearance of being uneven.' The character 參 is sometimes written in ancient script as [晶/尒]; in the sūtra it is written as 參, which is a vulgar form).
10.190
大輅 (Pronounced 魯 plus 固 in fanqie. The Bohu tong says: 'The Great Carriage of the Son of Heaven.' Character dictionaries say: 'In ancient times, the Great Carriage had the simplicity of solid block wheels; nowadays magnificent ornaments are added to its frame.')
10.191
三覆 (Pronounced 豊 plus 目 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: '覆 means to examine carefully.' The Jixun says: 'To repeatedly scrutinize words is called 覆.')
10.192
慨然 (Pronounced 康 plus 愛 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'To sigh with grief.')
10.193
憺慮 (The upper character is pronounced 唐 plus 濫 in fanqie. Xu Shuzhong's commentary on the Huainanzi says: 'A state in which the mind and will are satisfied.' Gu Yewang says: 'Tranquil and serene.' The Shuowen says: 'Peaceful.' It is composed of the radical 心 with 詹 as the phonetic element. The lower character is pronounced 呂 plus 佇 in fanqie. The Erya says: '慮 means to ponder.' The Shuowen says: 'To plan and think.' It is composed of 思 with the sound of 虍; 虍 is pronounced 呼).
10.194
搜綴 (Pronounced 色 plus 鄒 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'To search and seek.' 綴 is pronounced 追 plus 衛 in fanqie. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '綴 means to link, or to continue.' It is composed of the radical 糸 with 叕 as the phonetic element; 叕 is pronounced 陟 plus 劣 in fanqie).
10.195
褰裳 (Pronounced 羌 plus 言 in fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'To hitch up one's garments.' It is composed of the radical 衣 with an abbreviated 騫 as the phonetic element).
10.196
沃朕 (Pronounced 烏 plus 穀 in fanqie. The Shangshu says: 'Cleanse your mind to enrich my mind.' Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '沃 means fine.' The Guangya says: 'Clear.' The Shuowen says: 'To irrigate.' 朕 means myself).
10.197
襲予 (Pronounced 尋 plus 立 in fanqie. The Guangya says: '襲 means to reach.' Sima Biao's commentary on the Zhuangzi says: '襲 means to enter.' Guo's commentary on the Erya says: 'To repeat or double.' The Shuowen says: 'It is composed of the radical 衣 and the radical 龍.')
10.198
遠齎 (Pronounced 精 plus 奚 in fanqie. The Yupian says: '賫 means to hold.' The Guangya says: 'To send.' The Shuowen says: 'To bring and present.' It is composed of the radical 貝 with 齊 as the phonetic element. In the text it is written as 賷, which is a vulgar variant).
10.199
待扣 (Pronounced with the sound 口. The Guangya says: '扣 means to strike.' Kong's commentary on the Lunyu says: '扣 means to beat.' The Shuowen says: 'It is composed of the radical 手 with 口 as the phonetic element.')
10.200
佇延 (Pronounced 除 plus 旅 in fanqie. The Guangya says: '佇 means to stand waiting.' The Mao commentary on the Shijing says: 'The space between gate and screen is called 佇.' Guo's commentary on the Erya says: 'The place where a sovereign stands to observe.' It is composed of the radical 人 with 宁 as the phonetic element; 宁 is pronounced 張 plus 呂 in fanqie).
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- 一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese