一切經音義 100

English (machine translation) 100

Language: English

Glosses on:
Faxian zhuan, one fascicle
Huichao zhuan, three fascicles; Letter of Dharma Master Wuxing, one fascicle
Zhaolun, two fascicles; Zhiguan men lun, two fascicles
Anle ji, two fascicles; Baofa yi lun, one fascicle
Baowang lun, three fascicles; Jinbi juemo lun, one fascicle
Biqiuni zhuan, four fascicles; Guanxin lun, one fascicle
Qunyi lun, seven fascicles; Shiyi lun, one fascicle
Yuxiang fa, one fascicle; Zuifu yaoxing, one fascicle
Shouyong sanshui, one fascicle; Fangsheng yi, one fascicle.
In this fascicle, excluding those glossed previously, forty-one fascicles are newly added that were not glossed before;
they are all recorded above.

100.3

The seventeen collections, biographies, treatises, and rituals to the right, totaling thirty-six fascicles, are glossed in this fascicle.

100.4

Faxian zhuan (Record of Faxian)

100.5

慨律藏 (The upper character has the fanqie kai + ai. Zheng's commentary on the Shijing says: "慨 means to sigh with emotion." The Gujin zhengzi [says]: "It is formed from 'heart' (心) and '既' is phonetic.")

100.6

慧嵬 (wai + wei fan. A monk's name.)

100.7

耨檀國 (The upper character has the fanqie nong + wu; the next has dan + dan. A personal name in the Xianbei language.)

100.8

張掖 (The lower character has the fanqie ying + yi. Zhangye is the name of a commandery in desert territory. The Shuowen [says]: "It is formed from 'hand' (手) and '夜' is phonetic.")

100.9

燉煌 (The upper character has the fanqie tu + hun; the lower has the sound of 黃 [huang]. The Hanshu says: "Dunhuang is the name of a commandery; in the first year of the Houyuan era of Emperor Wu, it was separated from Jiuquan and established [as a commandery]. Du Lin took it to be ancient Guazhou." Writing it as 屯皇 is incorrect.)

100.10

崎嶇 (The upper character has the fanqie qi + yi; the lower has qu + yu. Already explained in the first fascicle of the Qiufa zhuan. In this biography, writing it with 'foot' as 踦𨄅 is incorrect.)

100.11

粗與 (The upper character has the fanqie zu + lu. Gu Yewang says: "粗 is like roughly (sketchily)." The Shuowen [says]: "It is formed from 'rice' (米) and '且' is phonetic.")

100.12

氈褐 (The upper character has the fanqie zhan + ran. The Shuowen says: "It is formed from 'fur' (毛) and '亶' is phonetic." The biography writes it as 旃, which is also permissible. The lower character has the fanqie han + e. The Mao commentary to the Shijing says: "褐 is coarse haircloth; camel hair is twisted and woven to make clothing." It is formed from 'clothing' (衣) and '曷' is phonetic; 曷 has the same sound as above.)

100.13

焉夷國 (The upper character has the fanqie ye + qian. Already explained previously in the Xiyu ji.)

100.14

埵壺 (The upper character has the fanqie tu + wo; the lower has the sound of 胡 [hu]. The Shuowen says: "壺 is a round vessel of the Kunwu people; it is a pictograph, formed from 'big' (大) representing its lid." Nowadays it is written as 壺.)

100.15

鑿石 (The upper character has the fanqie zang + luo. Fully explained in a previous fascicle.)

100.16

梯者 (The upper character has the fanqie ti + di. The Kaosheng says: "梯 is a step ladder by which one can ascend." The Gujin zhengzi [says]: "It is formed from 'wood' (木) and '弟' is phonetic." The text of the biography writes it with 'foot' as 𨁃, which is incorrect.)

100.17

懸縆 (gu + heng fan. The Shuowen says: "縆 means a large rope; it is formed from 'silk' (糸) and '恒' is phonetic." The biography writes it as 絙, pronounced huan, which is incorrect; or in transcribing, the 'heart' (心) component was omitted.)

100.18

曬衣 (The upper character has the fanqie se + xie. The Kaosheng says: "曬 means to expose to the sun." The Shuowen [says]: "It is formed from 'sun' (日) and '麗' is phonetic.")

100.19

𧵍鴿 (The upper character has the fanqie mao + hou. Gu Yewang says: "貿 is like trading." The Erya says: "貿 means to market." The Shuowen says: "To exchange wealth; it is formed from 'cowrie shell' (貝) and '夗' is phonetic." The biography writes it as 𧴵, which is a vulgar character.)

100.20

𦋺膩色迦王 (The upper character has the fanqie ju + li; the next has ni + li. The name of a king in Sanskrit [Kaniṣka].)

100.21

圓椹 (The upper character has the sound of 員 [yuan]; the lower has zhi + lin fan. The Cangjiepian says: "椹 is a chopping block." Guo's commentary on the Erya says: "A wooden block for chopping." The Gujin zhengzi [says]: "It is formed from 'wood' (木) and '甚' is phonetic." It is also written as 碪 or [敲-高+(甚-儿+人)], both the same.)

100.22

敲銅鈸 (The upper character has the fanqie qiao + jiao. The Shuowen says: "敲 means to strike; it is formed from 'strike' (攴) and '高' is phonetic." The lower character has the fanqie pan + bo. The Kaosheng says: "The name of a musical instrument, shaped like small saucers with knobs on their backs, struck together face to face to harmonize the music.")

100.23

噤戰 (The upper character has the fanqie qin + jin. Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci says: "Closing the mouth is called 噤." The Shuowen [says]: "It is formed from 'mouth' (口) and '禁' is phonetic." It is also written as 唫.)

100.24

銅𥁄 (yu + ju fan. He Lin's commentary on the Gongyang says: "A 𥁄 is a drinking vessel." The Fangyan [says]: "A footless bowl is called a 𥁄." The Shuowen [says]: "A drinking vessel; it is formed from 'vessel' (皿) and '亐' is phonetic." The biography writes it as 杅, which is a vulgar character.)

100.25

霹靂 (The upper character has the fanqie pi + mi; the lower has ling + di fan. The biography writes them as 礔礰, both of which are incorrect.)

100.26

蔚然 (The upper character has the fanqie wei + wu. The Cangjiepian says: "蔚 describes the lush and flourishing appearance of plants." The Guangya says: "It means dense/concealing." The Gujin zhengzi [says]: "It is formed from 'grass' (艸) and '尉' is phonetic.")

100.27

旃柘摩那 (The upper character has the fanqie zhi + ran; the next has the sound of 𧀹. This is Sanskrit, the name of a non-Buddhist woman [Ciñcā-māṇavikā].)

100.28

劈裂 (The upper character has the fanqie pi + mi; the lower has the sound of 列 [lie].)

100.29

嬈固 (The upper character has the fanqie nai + niao. The Shuowen says: "嬈 means harsh and demanding; another explanation is teasing and disturbing one another. It is formed from 'woman' (女) and '堯' is phonetic.")

100.30

羅犮私婆迷 (犮 has the sound pan + mo fan. In Sanskrit, the name of a son of a brahmin.)

100.31

承櫨 (lu + hu fan. The Shuowen says: "櫨 is the bracket-block (dou) atop a pillar; it is formed from 'wood' (木) and '盧' is phonetic." 㪷 has the fanqie dang + gou.)

100.32

Two bolts [of cloth] (二匹: [匹 has the] fanqie bin + mi [pǐ]. The Erya says: 'Pǐ means to match.' The Huainanzi says: 'The number of the five notes is five; multiplying five by the eight solar terms yields forty [feet], hence four zhang make one bolt (shǐ/pǐ).' A pǐ is the measure spanned by the two arms of an average person. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It means four zhang. It is formed from 匸 (enclosure) and 八 (eight); 八 piled up is 一匹 (one bolt), and 八 is also phonetic.' Transmitted texts write it as 疋, which is a vulgar character).

100.33

Crippled and lame (殘跛: the upper character has the fanqie cái + ān [cán]; the lower has bō + wǒ [bǒ]. Gu Yewang says: 'Bǒ means lame (jiǎn).' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Walking incorrectly. Formed from 足 (foot) with 皮 phonetic').

100.34

Pounding mountains (搏山: [搏 has the] fanqie bēn + mò [bó]).

100.35

Perilous and craggy (險巇: the upper character has the fanqie zhěn + yǎn [xiǎn]. Gu Yewang says: 'Xiǎn means obstructed.' Jia Kui's commentary to the Guoyu says: 'Xiǎn means perilous.' The Fangyan says: 'It means high.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Obstructed and difficult. Formed from 𨸏 (mound) with 僉 phonetic.' Transmitted texts write it as 嶮, which is incorrect. The lower character has the fanqie xǐ + qí [xī]. Wang Yi's commentary to the Chuci says: 'Xiǎnxī means tumbling into danger.' The Gujin zhengzi gives it as formed from 山 (mountain) with 戲 phonetic).

100.36

Milk porridge (乳[(序-予+(林/比))/米]: the lower character has the fanqie měi + bēi [mí]. This is porridge cooked with cow milk; thick like steamed cake or congee. It is popularly called 'milk gruel' (乳麋), but this is not classical phrasing).

100.37

A deva presents auspicious kuśa grass (天獻吉祥草: 獻 has the fanqie xuān + jiàn [xiàn]. Zheng Xuan's commentary to the Shijing says: 'Xiàn means to present, to offer.' Zheng Xuan's commentary to the Zhouli says: 'In ancient times, offering things to a ruler or elder was called xiàn.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Formed from 犬 (dog) with 鬳 phonetic.' 鬳 has the fanqie yán + jiàn [xiàn]. Transmitted texts write it as 捊, which is erroneous and not adopted here. The merchant presenting roasted flour below should also be interpreted according to this; it is not treated again).

100.38

Roasted grain flour and honey (𪍑蜜: the upper character has the fanqie chāng + zhǎo [chǎo], which is the standard form. Transmitted texts write it with 少 as [麩-夫+少], which is a vulgar character).

100.39

A double handful (一掬: [掬 has the] fanqie jiū + lù [jū]. The Guangya says: 'Jū means a scoop.' The Shuowen jiezi under the character 𠨯 says: 'To scoop up with both hands. Formed from 手 (hand) with abbreviated 𠨯 phonetic.' 𠨯 has the same pronunciation as above. The Shenglei writes it as 匊; the ancient script writes it as 臼; the meanings are all identical. 撮 has the fanqie cāng + luó [cuō]).

100.40

Pestle and mortar (碓臼: the upper character has the fanqie duī + huì [duì]; the lower has the pronunciation jiù. Gu Yewang says: 'A duì is that which is used to pound [grain].' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Formed from 石 (stone) with 隹 phonetic. A jiù is also for pounding grain. In ancient times, holes were dug in the earth to serve as mortars; later, wood or stone was hollowed out to make them; the dots in the middle are pictographic').

100.41

A hundred jars (百甖: [甖 has the] fanqie è + gēng [yīng]; also written as 罌).

100.42

Hazel tree (榛木: the upper character has the fanqie shì + zhēn [zhēn]. The Kaosheng says: 'Lush and dense growth of grasses and trees').

100.43

Jūlín (拘驎: the upper character has the pronunciation jū; the lower has the fanqie lì + zhēn [lín]. It is Sanskrit; the old translation was Jūlún [Kuṇḍina / Kauṇḍinya]).

100.44

Kauśāmbī (拘睒彌: the middle character has the fanqie shān + [𮉼] [shǎn]; the lower has the fanqie mì + bēi [mí]. It is Sanskrit).

100.45

Dakṣiṇā (達嚫: the upper character is the standard character 達 [dá]; the lower has the fanqie chū + jìn [chèn]).

100.46

Ladder and steps (梯隥: the upper character has the fanqie tǐ + dī [tī], explained previously; the lower has the fanqie dēng + dèng [dèng]. Transmitted texts write it as 蹬, which is a popular usage).

100.47

Gouging out eyes (挑眼: the upper character has the fanqie tiào + diāo [tiāo]. Formed from 手 (hand) with 兆 phonetic).

100.48

White fine cotton (白褺: [褺 has the] fanqie tián + xié [dié]. It should properly be written as 㲲. Currently transmitted texts all write it as 縶, pronounced with the fanqie zhēn + lì [zhí], which is incorrect. Examining its meaning and usage, it must be white fine cotton (白㲲); writing it with the garment radical as 褺 also loses its meaning. Writing it as 㲲 is correct now).

100.49

Thickly accumulated (蒙積: [積 has the] fanqie zī + sì [jì]. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Jī means to gather. Formed from 禾 (grain) with 責 phonetic.' Transmitted texts write it with the grass radical as 𧂐, which is a vulgar character).

100.50

Hearse (輀車: the upper character has the fanqie ér + zhī [ér]. The Shiming says: 'A cart carrying a coffin is called an ér.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'A funeral cart. Formed from 車 (cart) with 而 phonetic.' Transmitted texts write it as 轜, which is an incorrect popular usage).

100.51

Kuṇḍikā (君墀: pronounced chí. It is Sanskrit, meaning a copper water vessel).

100.52

Goosefoot and bean leaves (藜藿: the upper character has the fanqie lǐ + xī [lí]; the lower has the fanqie huāng + guō [huò]. Guo Pu's commentary to the Erya says: 'Huò are the leaves of small beans.' The Kaosheng says: 'Huò are bean sprouts.' The Gujin zhengzi says: 'The young shoots of legumes. Formed from 艸 (grass) with 霍 phonetic').

100.53

Li Yi (李嶷: [嶷 has the] fanqie yú + jí [yí]. A person's name).

100.54

Fascicle One of the Memoir of the Pilgrimage to the Five Kingdoms of India by Hyecho (惠超往五天竺國傳上卷)

100.55

Khmer (閣蔑: [蔑 has the] fanqie mián + bié [miè]. A Kuanyin [Austroasiatic/Kunlun] language word. In ancient times it was named the kingdom of Linyi [Champa/Cambodia]. Among all the Kunlun kingdoms, this kingdom is the largest; they also revere and believe in the Three Jewels).

100.56

Bōdì (撥帝: the upper character has the pronunciation bō).

100.57

Gélàdōu (葛辢都: the middle character has the fanqie láng + gé [là]. A foreign language word).

100.58

Drifting like duckweed (蓱流: pronounced píng. Sailing on a ship on a long journey is like duckweed floating on the water, drifting unsettled with the wind).

100.59

Shaving hair and beard (鬄鬚: the upper character has the fanqie tǐ + jì [tì]; the lower has the fanqie xiāng + yú [xū]. The foreign tribes of the south have diverse personal ornaments: some shave their hair, some trim their beards, some tattoo their bodies, or wear mallet-shaped topknots, pierce their ears, go barefoot, or wear robes like morning-cloud silk (chaoxia) or cotton wraps (geman)—all are like this by custom. The character is sometimes written with 弟 as 鬀, or with 刀 as 剃; currently transmitted texts write it with 髟 as 鬄, which is correct).

100.60

Plundering (抄掠: the upper character has the fanqie chū + jiào [chāo]; the lower has the pronunciation lüè. Both characters are phonetic borrowings and not the original characters).

100.61

Difficulty and distress (屯戹: the upper character has the fanqie zhuī + lún [zhūn]. The Yunquan says: 'Zhūn means blocked.' The Zhouyi gives it as 'difficulty.' Transmitted texts write it with 辵 as 迍, meaning faltering and hesitating (zhūntán). The lower character is the standard form of the character è (厄), formed from 戶 (door) with 乙 phonetic).

100.62

Distant road (迥路: [迥 has the] fanqie yíng + [𩓙] [jiǒng]. The Guangya says: 'Jiǒng means far.' Formed from 辵 (walk) with 冋 phonetic; 冋 represents a distant boundary).

100.63

Lightly fluttering (翩翩: pronounced piān. Piānpiān describes the manner of birds flying).

100.64

Boundless and obscure (杳杳: [杳 has the] fanqie [𭦫] + xiǎo [yǎo]. The Yunquan says: 'Yǎoyǎo means vast and distant, deep and secluded').

100.65

Hanging up the monk's staff (掛錫: [掛 has the] fanqie gǔ + huà [guà]. The Yunquan says: 'Guà means to suspend.' In Wu dialect it is pronounced guài; the glosses and explanations are completely identical. It is also written as 挂).

100.66

Gazing upon the long road (盼長路: [盼 has the fanqie] pān + màn [pàn]. A character dictionary also says: 'Pàn means to look askance.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'The Shijing says: "Her lovely eyes look clearly (pàn)." Formed from 目 (eye) with 分 phonetic').

100.67

Confused and disorderly (撩亂: the upper character has the pronunciation liáo; the lower has the pronunciation luàn).

100.68

Radiance of mountains (山皅: [皅 has the] fanqie pà + bā [pā]. The Kaosheng says: 'Illuminating brightly; the appearance of white flowers. Formed from 白 (white) with 巴 phonetic.' Transmitted texts write it with 山 as 𡵟, which is incorrect. Pā also means the bend of a mountain).

100.69

Restless and melancholy (倥倊: the upper character has the fanqie kǔ + gòng [kǒng]; the lower has the fanqie zǒng + gòng [zǒng]. The Kaosheng says: 'Kǒngzǒng describes an appearance without joy.' It is also written with the hand radical as 控捘, meaning the mind is hurried and agitated).

100.70

Tender sprout (牙嫩: [嫩 has the] fanqie nú + dùn [nèn]. The Kaosheng says: 'Small and delicate.' It is also written as 㬉).

100.71

Uneven (參差: the upper character has the fanqie chǔ + jīn [cēn]; the lower has the fanqie cè + zī [cī]. It also means staggered back and forth, left and right).

100.72

Supplicating and praying (邀祈: the upper character has the pronunciation [yāo]; the lower has the pronunciation qí. It is also explained as praying: asking for blessings and wishes before efficacious spirits and holy sages).

100.73

Just like (恰如: the upper character has the fanqie kēng + jiǎ [qià]. It means resembling).

100.74

Rolling mustard seeds (輥芥: [輥 has the] fanqie kūn + wěn [gǔn]. The Yunquan says: 'To roll something with the hand to make it fall.' It is also written with the hand radical as 㨡, meaning to turn with the hand; or written as 緷. The Kaosheng says: 'Turning like the hub of a cart').

100.75

Rugged and tortuous (崎嶇: the upper character has the fanqie qǐ + yí [qí]; the lower has the fanqie qū + yú [qū]. It has already been explained above in Faxian's Record; both are formed from 山 (mountain)).

100.76

Spears and lances (槍矟: the upper character has the fanqie qī + yáng [qiāng]; the lower has the fanqie shuāng + zhuō [shuò]. Long spears).

100.77

River deer and deer (麞鹿: the upper character has the pronunciation zhāng. A hornless deer; also called a biāolù—biāo pronounced pāo—or called a jǐlù—jǐ pronounced jǐ; all belong to the genus of the river deer).

100.78

Hawksbill turtle (玳瑁: the upper character has the pronunciation dài, also written as 瑇; the lower has the pronunciation mèi. The Kaosheng says: 'A type of turtle whose carapace is patterned and lustrous, or of a golden colour, gleaming cleanly without grains').

100.79

Turtles and terrapins (龜鼈: the upper character is pronounced guī. The most prominent among shelled creatures; their varieties are very numerous, fully described in the Erya. The lower character has the fanqie biān + miè [biē]. A smaller type of softshell turtle; round in shape, of the turtle family, but without shell beneath its belly).

100.80

Gushing water (迸水: [迸 has the] fanqie bǎi + mèng [bèng]. The Yunquan says: 'Bèng means scattering and splashing').

100.81

Towering loftily (嶷然: [嶷 has the] fanqie yí + jí [yí]. Describing towering cliff-faces standing high and precipitous).

100.82

Surging sea (渤澥: the upper character has the fanqie pén + mò [bó]; the lower has the fanqie xié + mǎi [xiè]. The vast ocean surging forth. Alternatively, the name of a great turtle (ao)).

100.83

Surging toward the azure sky (湓穹蒼: the upper character has the fanqie pǔ + mèn [pén], meaning great waves surging upward. Qióngcāng means the vast sky).

100.84

Fleeing into hiding (𧺆竄: the upper character is the standard form of zǒu (走), formed from 夭 with 止. The lower character has the fanqie cāng + luàn [cuàn]. A rat running into a hole is called cuàn).

100.85

Giant softshell turtles and alligators (黿鼉: the upper character is pronounced yuán; a large softshell turtle. When old, it possesses spirit-like powers, capable of harming people and bewitching them. The lower character is pronounced tuó; an aquatic shelled creature, resembling a gecko, with four feet and a tail, five to six feet in length. Its skin can be used for drums, and it has square scales like the pattern of a chessboard).

100.86

Coconut milk (椰子漿: the upper character has the fanqie yě + zhē [yē]. Name of a southern fruit tree. Its form is like a plantain tree; its leaves can be made into mats; its outer husk can be made into rope to lash ships, resisting water without rotting, and very sturdy—all large ships use it. Its fruit is as large as a cup or bowl, with a hard fibrous shell, used for cups and ladles. Inside, the pulp is white and sweet as honey, an exquisite fruit of the south).

100.87

Wooden stockade (木柵: the lower character has the pronunciation cè. Foreigners living in mountains and wilderness erect wood to make walls, called wooden stockades (zhà/cè). The character zhà is formed from 木 (wood) with 冊 phonetic; 冊 has the same pronunciation as above, picturing bound bamboo slips).

100.88

Palisade railing (杆欄: the upper character has the pronunciation gān; the lower has the pronunciation lán. Horizontally enclosing a dwelling place with timber to prevent wild beasts and the like is called a palisade railing).

100.89

Awl point (錐頭: the upper character has the pronunciation zhuī. A large needle is called an awl (zhuī)).

100.90

Ballasted ship (壓舶: the upper character has the pronunciation yā; the lower has the pronunciation bó. A large sea-going vessel).

100.91

Hurling and striking (拋打: the upper character has the fanqie pǔ + bāo [pāo], meaning throwing an object from afar; the lower has the fanqie dé + lěng [dǎ]. The Yunying says: 'To beat').

100.92

峻滑 (The first character has the fanqie 笋 + 𨳝 [s-]: a mountain standing like a wall. The second character has the fanqie 還 + 刮 [hu-]: not rough, [i.e., slippery]).

100.93

聒地 (The first character has the fanqie 官 + 活 [g-]: a sound deafening the ears; it has the radical 耳 'ear' and the phonetic 舌).

100.94

Middle Fascicle

100.95

裸形國 (The fanqie is 魯 + 果 [l-]: a naked body without clothing is called 裸 [naked]; it is also written with the radical 人 as 倮, or with the radical 身 as 躶. Now, to avoid a vulgar taboo, it is pronounced with the fanqie 胡 + 瓦 [h-], rising tone).

100.96

擿笴國 (The first character has the fanqie 張 + 革 [zh-]; the second character has the sound 哥 [gē]: a foreign language).

100.97

吠曬 (The fanqie is 所 + 界 [sh-]).

100.98

杖撥 (The fanqie is 半 + 沫 [b-]; it is classified under the radical 手 'hand').

100.99

迄乎 (The fanqie is 香 + 乙 [q-]).

100.100

跣足 (The fanqie is 先 + 典 [x-]).

100.101

鶻𡀔 (The fanqie is 胡 + 骨 [h-]; the character 𡀔/魯 is pronounced with a rolled tongue).

100.102

自撲 (The fanqie is 龐 + 邈 [p-], having the same sound as 雹; 邈 has the sound of 痝 and 剝 combined, and 痝 has the fanqie 馬 + 邦 [m-]).

100.103

墳壠 (The first character has the fanqie 扶 + 聞 [f-]; the second character has the fanqie 力 + 家 [l-]).

100.104

手掬 (The fanqie is 弓 + 六 [j-]).

100.105

波羅痆斯 (痆 has the fanqie 儜 + 黠 [n-]; it is Sanskrit [Vārāṇasī]. In the transmission it is written with 日 as 昵, which is incorrect).

100.106

阿戍笴 (The pronunciation is 哥 [gē]; it is Sanskrit [Aśoka], translated here as King Wuyou [Without Sorrow]).

100.107

插頭 (The fanqie is 楚 + 匣 [ch-]; an associative compound character made of 手 'hand', 千 'thousand', and 臼 'mortar').

100.108

頹毀 (The first character has the fanqie 徒 + 雷 [t-]: collapsed and ruined).

100.109

淼淼 (The fanqie is 彌 + 褾 [m-]: the appearance of vast waters).

100.110

一毯 (The fanqie is 他 + 敢 [t-]).

100.111

毛褐 (The fanqie is 寒 + 割 [h-]).

100.112

土堝 (The fanqie is 古 + 禾 [g-]: an earthen pot).

100.113

Lower Fascicle

100.114

婆簸慈 (The fanqie is 波 + 箇 [b-]; a foreign word).

100.115

犛牛 (The fanqie is 夘 + 包 [m-]: a long-haired ox [yak]. In the transmission it is written as the character 猫兒 'cat', which is incorrect).

100.116

牙囓蟣蝨 (The first character has the fanqie 研 + 結 [y-]; 蟣 has the sound 几 [jǐ]; 蝨 has the sound 瑟 [sè]. In the transmitted texts, a vulgar variant is mistakenly copied as 風, which does not form a correct character).

100.117

磽磕 (The first character has the fanqie 巧 + 交 [q-]; the second character has the fanqie 堪 + 合 [k-]: the appearance of narrow ground and hemmed-in mountains with abundant stones).

100.118

作傔 (The fanqie is 篋 + 念 [q-]. The Yunying says: '傔 means an attendant; one who serves a master and follows him on a journey').

100.119

手磋 (The fanqie is 倉 + 何 [c-]; it is also written with the radical 手 as 搓: two hands rubbing together. In the transmission it is written with the radical 足 as 蹉, which is the character in 蹉跎 [to stumble/waste time] and is not used here).

100.120

餧五夜叉 (The fanqie is 萎 + 偽 [w-], pronounced the same as 畏: to feed with food).

100.121

𰜽捻 (The fanqie is 念 + 協 [n-]: to hold the corner of a garment with the hand is called 捻).

100.122

拋身 (The fanqie is 拍 + 包 [p-]: throwing one's body into a pool of water).

100.123

靉靆 (The first character has the fanqie 哀 + 改 [ǎ-]; the second character has the fanqie 臺 + 乃 [d-]: clouds about to rain, forming densely and thickly).

100.124

謝䫻 (The fanqie is 雲 + 欝 [y-]; a foreign word. Also called the kingdom of Xieyue [Zābulistān], belonging to the territory of Tokharistan).

100.125

羶穢 (The first character has the fanqie 扇 + 然 [sh-]: the stench of sheep).

100.126

氈裝 (The first character has the fanqie 章 + 然 [zh-]; the second character has the sound 壯 [zhuàng]: making a shirt out of felt).

100.127

匙箸 (The first character has the sound 時 [shí]: a rice spoon. The second character has the fanqie 除 + 慮 [zh-]; the Gujin zhengzi gives it as composed of 竹 'bamboo' and 著 with abbreviated sound. In the transmission it is written with 助 as 筯, which is an incorrect vulgar character).

100.128

胡篾 (The fanqie is 眠 + 鼈 [m-]; a foreign word).

100.129

播蔑 (The first character has the fanqie 波 + 箇 [b-]; a place-name [Pamir]).

100.130

峭嶷 (The first character has the fanqie 千 + 笑 [q-]; the second character has the fanqie 冝 + 棘 [y-]: high, steep, and rugged mountains).

100.131

擘地裂 (The first character has the sound 百 [bǎi]).

100.132

瀑布 (The first character has the sound 僕 [pú]: hanging, flowing water).

100.133

頤貞 (The first character has the sound 夷 [yí]; a person's name, the Military Commissioner of Anxi).

100.134

張莫[堂-土+兀] (The fanqie is 當 + 浪 [d-]; a foreign person's name).

100.135

迦師佶𥠖 (佶 has the fanqie 勤 + 乙 [j-]; a foreign expression, rendered in the Tang language as Congling Garrison [Onion Range Garrison]).

100.136

薺苨 (The first character has the fanqie 齊 + 祭 [q-]; the second character has the fanqie 泥 + 底 [n-]: the name of a medicinal herb. It is said that the root of asafoetida resembles this medicine and smells like garlic; when boiled down, it makes the medicine asafoetida).

100.137

囟沙 (The first character has the fanqie 撓 + 交 [n-]: a white mineral medicine, used for gold gilding, resembling white alum but soft [sal ammoniac]).

100.138

剋捷 (The second character has the fanqie 潛 + 葉 [j-]).

100.139

明惲 (The fanqie is 威 + 粉 [y-]; a monk's name).

100.140

姓麴 (The fanqie is 穹 + 六 [q-]; a Qiang surname).

100.141

邵子明 (The sound is 紹 [shào]; also a person's name).

100.142

[Sound and Meaning Glosses for] 'Letter Sent from Central India by the Śramaṇa Wuxing of Jingzhou to the Venerables of the Tang Kingdom'

100.143

倏經 (The first character has the fanqie 昇 + 六 [sh-]. The Kaosheng says: '倏忽 means the appearance of flashing light.' The Jixun says: 'Unconsciously, time passes by and quickly moves on').

100.144

翹英 (The fanqie is 秖 + 遙 [q-]; the character 英 is classified under the radical 草 'grass').

100.145

解纜 (The first character has the fanqie 皆 + 騃 [ji-], a rising-tone character; pronouncing it as 賈 [gǔ] is wrong. The second character has the fanqie 藍 + 淡 [l-]: the rope that tethers a boat; classified under the radical 糸, a phono-semantic character).

100.146

殉命 (The fanqie is 旬 + 俊 [x-]. The Yunquan says: 'Sacrificing one's body for a cause or thing is called 殉').

100.147

寶嶼 (The fanqie is 徐 + 與 [y-], a rising-tone character: an islet in the sea; it takes 與 as phonetic).

100.148

兩轍 (The fanqie is 纏 + 列 [ch-]. The Yunying says: 'Tracks left by the movement of chariot wheels.' The Shuowen says: 'Classified under the radical 車, with an abbreviated phonetic 徹').

100.149

翎羽 (The fanqie is 歷 + 丁 [l-]. The Yunying says: 'Bird feathers; classified under the radical 羽, with the phonetic 令').

100.150

玄飆 (The fanqie is 褾 + 姚 [pi-]. The Kaosheng says: 'A swift wind blowing from below upward; classified under the radical 風, with the phonetic 猋; 猋 has the same pronunciation as above').

100.151

滄溟 (The first character has the sound 滄 [cāng], another name for the Eastern Sea; 溟 is the name of the Northern Sea; there is also a Southern Sea).

100.152

Preface to the Zhaolun

100.153

Compiled by Xiaozhaoti; phonetic glosses by Huilin.

100.154

Sengrui 僧叡 (唯芮 fanqie; a monk's name).

100.155

Carefully examine 善覈 (the second character is 行革 fanqie; the Hanshu says: "The task of scrutinising and examining it"; the Shuowen says: "To examine the actual matter"; it is composed of 覀 with 敫 phonetic; 覀 is pronounced 呼賈 fanqie; in the text of the treatise it is written with 兩, forming 𩅢, which is incorrect).

100.156

Thoroughly search out 精搜 (the second character is 瘦鄒 fanqie; Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan states: "To search and inspect"; character dictionaries state: "To seek"; the Shenglei says: "To search for"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 手 with 叜 phonetic; in the text of the treatise it is written as 搜, a vulgar form, which is incorrect).

100.157

Splendid canon 懿典 (the first character is 猗器 fanqie; the Erya says: "懿 means fine"; the Posthumous Titles Law says: "To be yielding, capable, and illustrious is called yi; for the disposition to be harmonious and centred is called yi"; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry says: "Great"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 壹 with 恣 phonetic; in the text of the treatise it is written with 恣 as 懿, which is an ancient form).

100.158

Deep ocean 淵海 (the first character is 恚涓 fanqie; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: "Yuan means deep water"; the Shuowen says: "Whirling water"; it is composed of 水, depicting the shape of water between the left and right banks; in ancient times it was written as 困, or with water abbreviated as 𣶒; in the text of the treatise it is written as 淵, which is an erroneous form).

100.159

Humbly born 猥生 (the first character is 烏賄 fanqie; Xu Shen's commentary on the Huainanzi states: "Wei means generally, in sum"; the Cangjie pian says: "Sudden"; the Guangya says: "Multitude"; the Shuowen says: "The sound of dogs barking"; it is composed of 犬 with 畏 phonetic).

100.160

Reaching unto 爰暨 (the second character is 其器 fanqie; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states: "Ji means together with"; Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan states: "To reach"; the Erya says: "To reach"; the Shuowen says: "To see slightly"; it is composed of 旦 with 既 phonetic).

100.161

The proverb says 諺云 (the first character is 言變 fanqie; the Kaosheng says: "Yan means transmitting ancient sayings"; as in the Zuozhuan: "The Zhou proverb has it"; the Shuowen says: "Transmitted sayings"; it is composed of 言 with 彥 phonetic).

100.162

What is deceptive 所詭 (the second character is 歸委 fanqie; the Mao Poetry says: "Do not indulge deceit and following"; the Yunquan says: "Deceit"; the Guangya says: "To cheat"; the Shuowen says: "To blame"; it is composed of 言 with 危 phonetic; one edition has "what is expounded (所說)"; between the two characters gui (詭) and shuo (說), it is not known which is correct).

100.163

Awaiting what is to come 俟來 (the first character is 事滓 fanqie; the Erya says: "Si means to wait"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 人 with 矣 phonetic).

100.164

Exhaustively [setting forth] the Buddha 罄佛 (the first character is 輕徑 fanqie; the Mao Poetry says: "Completely, with nothing inappropriate"; the Shuowen says: "Empty within a vessel"; it is composed of 缶 with 罄 phonetic).

100.165

Writing tablets 翰牘 (the first character is 寒幹反 fanqie; the Mao Poetry mentions "words and feathers", "literary brush", and "splendid brush"; "brush and ink" (hanmo) takes its sense from having literary brilliance like a fowl; Zheng's commentary says: "Rising up like the flight of a bird's feathers, the outstanding among them"; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "A large cock's quill"; it is composed of 羽 with 倝 phonetic).

100.166

Zhaolun, Fascicle One

100.167

Upāya 漚和 (烏侯 fanqie; Sanskrit [upāya-kauśalya]; here translated as "wisdom" [or skillful means]).

100.168

Alternately shifting 迭遷 (the first character is 田結 fanqie; Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan states: "Die means alternately"; the Fangyan says: "To substitute"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 辵 with 失 phonetic).

100.169

Alas, the Sage! 噫聖 (the first character is 於其 fanqie; Kong's commentary on the Analects states: "Yi is the sound of sighing with regret"; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "The sound of grief and pain"; it is composed of 口 with 意 phonetic; the Cangjie pian writes it with 言 as 譩, with the same explanation).

100.170

Startled 㦍然 (the first character is 五各 fanqie; character dictionaries state: "㦍 means alarmed"; the Shuowen says: "Straightforward speech"; it is composed of 心 with 㖾 phonetic; in the text of the treatise it is written as 愕, a vulgar form used interchangeably).

100.171

Listening to the stream 聆流 (the first character is 歷丁 fanqie; the Cangjie pian says: "Ling means to listen"; the Wenzi dian shuo has the same explanation; it is composed of 耳 with 令 phonetic).

100.172

Hesitating 蜘蛛 (the first character is 雉知 fanqie; the second character is 柱誅 fanqie; the Boya says: "Chizhu means hesitant"; correctly written as chouchu 躊躇; the Wenzi dian shuo states: "Pacing back and forth (zhizhu 蹢躅)"; both are composed of 足 with 知 and 朱 as their phonetics; in the text of the treatise the character zhu 跦 is written as chu 蹰, a vulgar and counterfeit form).

100.173

Almost not 殆非 (the first character is 臺改 fanqie; Zheng's commentary to the Mao Poetry states: "Dai means near"; Zheng's commentary on the Liji states: "Almost"; the Shuowen says: "Perilous"; it is composed of 歹 with 台 phonetic).

100.174

Washing away 滌除 (the first character is 亭歷 fanqie; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states: "Di means to remove"; the Shuowen says: "To sprinkle and wash"; it is composed of 水 with 條 phonetic).

100.175

Vast and open 虛豁 (呼适 fanqie; the Hanshu states: "Gaozu's mind was open and expansive"; Gu Yewang says: "Huo means magnanimous and open-minded"; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "An open valley"; it is composed of 谷 with 害 phonetic).

100.176

Concealing one's brilliance 韜光 (the first character is 討刀 fanqie; the Cangjie pian says: "Tao means a bow-case cover"; the Shuowen says: "A sword sheath"; it is composed of 韋 with 舀 phonetic).

100.177

Confounded 渾而 (the first character is 胡𬡄 fanqie; Guo's commentary on the Erya says: "Hun is the appearance of water cascading"; the Guangya says: "Great"; the Wenzi dian shuo states: "The appearance of being without distinctions"; it is composed of 水 with 軍 phonetic).

100.178

Brilliance surpassing 明踰 (庾朱 fanqie; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: "Yu means to surpass"; the Shuowen says: "To cross over"; it is composed of 足 with 俞 phonetic; sometimes written as 逾, with the same explanation).

100.179

Worn down by distress 弊瘵 (側界 fanqie; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: "Zhai means disease"; the Wenzi dian shuo says it is composed of 疒 with 祭 phonetic).

100.180

Yearning with anticipation 企懷 (the first character is 詰以 fanqie; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: "Like a person standing on tiptoe"; Sima Biao's commentary on the Zhuangzi states: "Qi means to gaze forward"; the Shuowen says: "Raising the heels to gaze"; it is composed of 人 with 止 phonetic; sometimes written as 𰸍).

100.181

Earnest and respectful 恂恂 (侚勻 fanqie; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states: "Xun means trustworthy"; Wang Su's commentary on the Analects states: "The appearance of being gentle and reverent"; the Guangya says: "Respectful"; the Wenzi dian shuo states: "Uniform"; it is composed of 心 with 旬 phonetic; sometimes pronounced 詢).

100.182

Pure and distinguished 清儁 (遵峻 fanqie; Xu Shuzhong's commentary on the Huainanzi states: "One whose talent surpasses a thousand men is called jun"; the Gujin zhengzi has it composed of 人 with 雋, pronounced 旋兖 fanqie; in the text of the treatise it is written with 乃 as 㑺, which is an error).

100.183

Cutting away its 㨻其 (杉減 fanqie; Zheng's commentary on the Liji states: "㨻 is synonymous with shan 芟, to prune"; the Cangjie pian says: "Slightly"; the Shuowen says: "To prune"; it is composed of 丰 with 斬 phonetic; sometimes written as 漸).

100.184

Although distant 雖緬 (綿衍 fanqie; Jia's commentary on the Guoyu states: "Mian is the appearance of distant pondering"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 糸 with 面 phonetic).

100.185

Free from distress 无恙 (羊亮 fanqie; the Erya says: "Yang means sorrow"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 心 with 羊 phonetic).

100.186

Giving rise to sighs 致慨 (開愛 fanqie; the Huainanzi states: "Kangkai means failing to attain one's aims, feeling indignation and agitation; it also means to sigh"; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "Indignation and sorrow"; it is composed of 心 with 既 phonetic; sometimes written as 愾 or 嘅).

100.187

City moat 城塹 (僉厭 fanqie; the Zuozhuan has: "Trenching the gate of the defense and guarding it"; the Zhoushu has: "Guarding without canals or moats"; another text says: "Danger to the city walls"; the Shuowen says: "A moat (ge 圪)"; it is composed of 土 with 斬 phonetic; 圪 is pronounced 語訖 fanqie).

100.188

Disappointed and dejected 𰑂悒 (the first character is 亡倣 fanqie; the Erya says: "Wang means absent"; the Wenzi jilüe has it pronounced 誣; also written as 𠕀; the Shuowen writes it as 𣥙; the ancient text writes it as 网; the second character is 於汲 fanqie; the Da Dai Liji states: "To remain dejected like this to the end of one's life"; Wang's commentary on the Chuci states: "Distressed and dejected"; the Shuowen says: "Unhappy"; it is composed of 心 with 邑 phonetic).

100.189

Tranquillity and restlessness 靜躁 (遭到 fanqie; the Posthumous Titles Law states: "Loving change and stirring up the people is called zao"; Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: "Turbulence"; the Analects says: "Speaking before the time comes is called rashness (zao)"; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "Movement"; it is composed of 足 with 喿 phonetic).

100.190

Fascicle Two

100.191

Vast and boundless 渺𣾘 (the first character is 彌褾 fanqie; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "Miao means vast and spreading"; the Gujin zhengzi says: "Vast and boundless appearance"; it is composed of 水 with 眇 phonetic; the second character is 茫牓 fanqie; Wang's commentary on the Chuci states: "Mang means flat and broad"; the Huainanzi states: "Vast, billowing, boundless, and indistinct, none knows its gate"; Gu Yewang says: "The appearance of broadness and vastness"; the Wenzi dian shuo says: "Pervasively vast"; it is composed of 水 with 莽 phonetic).

100.192

Empty and vast 廓然 (the first character is 苦郭 fanqie; Zheng's commentary on the Liji states: "Kuoran is the appearance of sorrow and grief within the heart"; the Guangya says: "Empty"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 广 with 郭 phonetic).

100.193

Indistinct and imperceptible 慌惚 (the first character is 呼廣 fanqie; the second character is 昏骨 fanqie; the Daodejing states: "As for the nature of the Way, it is indistinct and imperceptible"; Wang's commentary on the Chuci states: "The appearance of disappointment"; the Wenzi dian shuo states: "The appearance of dimness and disorder"; both are composed of 心 with 巟 and 怱 as their respective phonetics).

100.194

Deep and obscure 窈冥 (the first character is 邀晈 fanqie; Guo's commentary on the Mao Poetry states: "Yao means quiet and tranquil"; the Shuowen says: "Deep and distant"; it is composed of 穴 with 幼 phonetic; in the text of the treatise it is written as 𰩉, which is an error; the second character is 莫瓶 fanqie; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: "Ming also means deep"; Guo's commentary on the Erya states: "The immature are dim and obscure"; the Wenzi dian shuo states: "Obscure; when the moon begins to wane on the sixteenth day"; it is composed of 日, 六, and 冂 phonetic).

100.195

Resentful and dissatisfied 怏怏 (央亮 fanqie; the Cangjie pian says: "Yang means resentful"; the Shiji states: "His mind was sullen, dissatisfied, and unyielding"; the Guangya says: "Obstinate"; the Shuowen says it is composed of 心 with 央 phonetic).

100.196

Abruptly 劃然 (the first character is 花麥 fanqie; Mencius has: "Breaking tiles and scratching plastered walls"; the Shuowen says: "To gouge with an awl-knife"; it is composed of 刀 with 畫 phonetic; yuan is pronounced 喧).

100.197

Luxuriantly rising 蔚登 (the first character is 威䫻 fanqie; the Cangjie pian says: "Wei means lush growth of herbs and trees"; the Zhouyi states: "Its pattern is luxuriant"; Gu Yewang says: "Literary refinement that is dense"; the Wenzi dian shuo states: "Luxuriant"; it is composed of 草 with 尉 phonetic; 䫻 is pronounced 雲欝 fanqie).

Linked texts (1)

一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese