一切經音義 12.25

12.25

稽顙 (the first character is qǐ-lǐ [fanqie: 企禮反], a borrowed character used in the Gongyang zhuan; the standard form is 稽, having 旨 and 首 as an ancient character, now commonly written as 稽; in the Zhouli, of the nine kinds of bows, the first is called kowtow [稽首]; Zheng Xuan says bowing until the head reaches the ground; the Liji says bowing twice and knocking the forehead on the ground expresses the utmost grief. The second character is sāng-lǎng [fanqie: 桑朗反]; Fangyan says 顙 means forehead [é, wáng-gé]; the Gongyang zhuan says bowing twice and knocking the forehead on the ground; He Xiu says it is like knocking one's head on the ground today).