一切經音義 52

English (machine translation) 52

Language: English

52.1

Compiled by the scripture-translating Śramaṇa Huilin.

Pronunciation of:
Dīrghāgama-sūtra, 22 fascicles — Xuanying
Madhyamāgama-sūtra, 60 fascicles — Xuanying
Ekottarikāgama-sūtra, 51 fascicles — Xuanying
Saṃyuktāgama-sūtra, 50 fascicles — Xuanying
Alternative Translation of Saṃyuktāgama-sūtra, 20 fascicles — Xuanying
Sūtra on the Buddha's Parinirvāṇa, 2 fascicles — Xuanying
Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra, 2 fascicles — Xuanying
Parinirvāṇa-sūtra, 2 fascicles — Xuanying
Sūtra on the Origin of Human Desires, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Sigālovāda-sūtra, 1 fascicle — None
Ambaṭṭha-sūtra, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Brahmajāla Sixty-two Views Sūtra, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Sāmaññaphala-sūtra, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
The above thirteen scriptures comprising two hundred and fourteen fascicles share the phonetic glosses of this fascicle.

52.3

Dīrghāgama-sūtra, Fascicle 1 (Previously unglossed)

52.4

Fascicle 2

52.5

Defend and ward off (防禦: the fanqie is y[ú] + [j]ǔ. To prevent and guard against; also to restrain negligence and dissoluteness. The Erya says: "禦 (yù) means to forbid." To control, ward off, and defend against. 捍 has the fanqie h[ú] + [d]àn. Both 禁 and 禦 are composed with the altar/sign radical [示]).

52.6

Boarding a raft (乘桴: also written as 艀; both have the fanqie f[ú] + [l]iú. Tied-together logs. A small raft is called a 桴 (fú); pronounced like 𢾭).

52.7

Bright and wise (明喆: in ancient script it has the two forms 喆 and 哲; nowadays it is the same as 哲, with the fanqie zh[ī] + [l]iè. The Erya says: "哲 (zhé) means wise; also means discerning").

52.8

Sighing and exclaiming (嘆咤: in ancient script it has the two forms 歎 and [歎-欠+(奚*鳥)]; both have the fanqie t[ā] + [qiě]. To sigh and lament. 咤 is also written as 喥; both have the fanqie zh[ú] + [jià]. The Tongsu wen states: "To mourn with regret is called 咤 (zhà)").

52.9

Obstruct and block (填塞: also written as 窴; both have the fanqie t[ú] + [jiān]. The Guangya says: "填塞 (tiánsè) also means to fill to the brim").

52.10

Bingbao (并𩞚: a person's name. Traditionally pronounced as 飽 [bǎo], though its origin is unclear. Upon examination, in ancient script it has the two forms 𩜓 and 饜, nowadays written as 飽; 飽 is akin to full. This ought to be the character 饜 written erroneously. 饜 has the fanqie y[ū] + [yàn]).

52.11

Fascicle 3

52.12

Perished and cut off (殞絕: the character dictionaries write 隕; both have the fanqie y[ú] + [mǐn]. The Shenglei says: "殞 (yǔn) means to die; also means to fall down").

52.13

Rumbling (轟轟: nowadays written as 𨊷; the character dictionaries write 𨋮; both have the fanqie h[ū] + [péng]. The Shuowen says: "轟 (hōng) is the sound of a throng of carriages").

52.14

Wandering about (彷徉: two pronunciations, fáng and yáng. The Guangya says: "彷徉 (pángyáng) means depending on and lingering; also to stroll back and forth").

52.15

Deafening sound (聲聒: the fanqie is g[ōng] + [hu]ó. Clamorous. The Cangjie pian says: "To trouble the ear canals." Clamorous speech).

52.16

Turbid and murky (濁渾: the fanqie is h[ú] + [k]ūn. 渾 (hún) means disordered; also the sound of flowing water).

52.17

Tranquil and calm (恬淡: the fanqie are t[ú] + [jiān] and t[ú] + [làn]. Signifying calm and quiet. The Guangya says: "淡 (dàn) means tranquil").

52.18

Fascicle 4

52.19

Sobbing and weeping (歔欷: in ancient script the same as 唏. The upper has the fanqie x[īn] + [j]ū; the lower has the fanqie x[īn] + [j]ì. The Cangjie pian says: "The lingering sound of weeping; also to grieve").

52.20

Finally arranged (終措: the fanqie is q[iě] + [g]ù. 措 (cuò) means to settle; also to place, to arrange).

52.21

Sunken and obscured (淪曀: the fanqie is l[ì] + [j]ūn. 淪 (lún) means submerged; 曀 (yì) means shaded, signifying submerged and gloomy).

52.22

Insolent and domineering (虜扈: the fanqie are l[ì] + [g]ǔ and h[ú] + [g]ǔ. Signifying unrestrained behavior; also indulging oneself recklessly; further, an appearance of aggressive bravado. The Hanshu yinyi states: "扈 (hù) means domineering (báhù); being arrogant").

52.23

Fissure and gap (瑕隙: in ancient script the same as 𡭽, with the fanqie q[iū] + [n]ì. A crack; also a separation; a small hole or aperture in a wall. The sūtra text writes 郄, which is nonstandard. The character 隙 is composed of 小 at the top and bottom with 白 in the middle).

52.24

Looking forward eagerly (企望: in ancient script it has the two forms 研 and 𧿍; both have the fanqie x[ū] + [ch]ǐ. The Tongsu wen states: "Raising the heels is called 𨀣." The character is composed of 'person' [人] and 'foot/stop' [止]).

52.25

Fascicle 7

52.26

Troop by troop (隊隊: in ancient script the same as 䃍, with the fanqie t[ú] + [du]ì. Referring to groups and companies following in pursuit of one another).

52.27

Making bamboo splints (為𥵨: the fanqie is w[áng] + [zh]ī. The Zilin says: "Bamboo splints." In the text of the sūtra it is sometimes written as 篾 with the same meaning. Nowadays both the scholars of Shu and the people of Guanzhong call bamboo splints 𥵨. The sūtra text writing 籤 is an error).

52.28

There is a leak (有泄: the fanqie is s[ī] + [l]iè. To emit; to overflow; also to leak out).

52.29

Slit one's own throat (自刎: in ancient script the same as [(餐-食)-又+勿], with the fanqie w[áng] + [f]ěn. The Gongyang zhuan says: "The Duke then slit his throat and died." He Xiu says: "刎 (wěn) means to cut. 脰 has the pronunciation dòu, meaning the neck").

52.30

Stony and barren (磽确: the fanqie are k[ǔ] + [ji]āo and k[ǔ] + [ji]ǎo. The Tongsu wen states: "When an object is hard and unyielding, it is called 磽确 (qiāoquè)." Meng Shuozi says: "磽确 refers to sterile, barren ground").

52.31

Fascicle 8

52.32

Chaff-covered rice (薉稻: the fanqie is y[ū] + [f]èi. Signifying unclean; also impure and foul. Sūtra texts sometimes write it with the grain radical [禾] or the wine radical [酉] as 穢 and [酉*歲], both of which are incorrect).

52.33

Fascicles 9 and 10 (Previously unglossed)

52.34

Fascicle 11

52.35

Shove and push aside (排擠: the fanqie is z[ǐ] + [zh]ī. Pushing and jostling is called 排擠 (páijǐ). The Guangya says: "擠 (jǐ) means to shove." In the sūtra text it is written as 濟, which is an error. 𢫨 has the fanqie ér + yǒng).

52.36

Not intimate (不媟: the fanqie is x[ī] + [l]iè. Being excessively familiar and accustomed is called 媟 (xiè); also contemptuous familiarity).

52.37

Door threshold (門閫: also written as 梱; both have the fanqie k[ǔ] + [b]ěn. The Sancang says: "The sill of a tall gate").

52.38

Fascicle 12

52.39

Dipo (諦婆: in some sūtra copies written as 諯婆; following the characters, they have the fanqie ch[ōng] + [ju]àn and zh[ì] + [yu]án, meaning mutually deferring).

52.40

Biti (陛提: the fanqie is p[ú] + [m]ǐ. In some sūtras it is written with '比' over '木' as [阿-可+柴], which is an error).

52.41

Juji (具幾: in some sūtra texts written as 臮, with the fanqie q[ú] + [j]ì).

52.42

Yuantou (猿頭: also written as [竺-二+(土/衣)]; both have the fanqie y[ǔ] + [f]án. According to the character, it means a silk reel (籰); pronounced with the fanqie y[ú] + [f]ù).

52.43

Pina (批那: the fanqie are f[ú] + [m]í and p[ú] + [m]iè. According to the character, the Guangya says: "批 (pī) means to strike").

52.44

Fascicle 13

52.45

Inside the scabbard (鞘中: the Xiao Erya writes 鞘; the Cangjie pian writes 削; both have the fanqie s[ī] + [qi]ào. That which holds a sword. The Fangyan says: "The sheath of a sword").

52.46

Laxi (瀨悉: the fanqie is l[ì] + [g]ài. According to the Zilin, it means water flowing over sand).

52.47

Holding a halberd (持戟: the fanqie is j[ū] + [n]ì. A halberd or spear. The Shiming says: "A halberd (戟, jǐ) means an impediment (格, gé); it has branching prongs." The sūtra text writing it with the metal radical [金] as [金*(乾-乙+戈)] is incorrect).

52.48

Stumble and fall (蹶倒: [蹶 has] the two fanqie [pronunciations] 巨月 and 居月. The Shuowen jiezi says: '蹶 means to stiffen and fall.' The Guangya says: 'To stiffen and fall prostrate.').

52.49

Fascicle Fourteen (Not glossed previously).

52.50

Fascicle Fifteen

52.51

Shackles and manacles (桎梏: [pronounced with] the two fanqie 之實 and 古祿. The Rites of Zhou says: '[Restraints] on the hands are called 桎; on the feet they are called 梏.' That is to say, fetters and manacles).

52.52

Aid (援助: [援 is pronounced with the] fanqie 禹眷. It means to rely upon, protect, and assist. The Zuo zhuan says: 'You, Sir, have no great assistance (援)'—this is it).

52.53

Fascicles Sixteen and Seventeen (Both not glossed previously).

52.54

Fascicle Eighteen

52.55

Golden crosspiece (金桄: also written as 輄, with the same sound, 光. It refers to the transverse pieces of wood on carts, ladders, steps, and the like).

52.56

Intermediate tier (中級: [級 is pronounced with the] fanqie 居及. 級 means order or step, referring to ascending by tiers, as in 'first step, second step').

52.57

Flanking the road (夾道: [夾 is pronounced with the] fanqie 古洽. It means being on both sides; it also means to hold from both sides. The Sancang says: '夾 means to flank and assist.').

52.58

Quchou (佉詶: in ancient script it has the two forms 譸 and [葖-犬+(二/日)], which are identical. It is [pronounced with] the two fanqie 是由 and 竹鳩. It is the name of a grove).

52.59

Afloat (氾氾: in ancient script identical to 泛; [pronounced with the] fanqie 孚劒. The Guangya says: '泛 denotes the appearance of floating.' It also means overflowing (氾濫)).

52.60

Stagnant water (渟水: [渟 is pronounced with the] fanqie 狄經. The Picang says: 'Water that has halted is called 渟.').

52.61

Mud (泥淖: [淖 is pronounced with the] fanqie 奴孝. The Cangjie pian says: 'It means mud; it also means submerged; it also means wet.').

52.62

Fascicle Nineteen

52.63

Pound down (搥𥑐: in ancient script identical to 磓; [pronounced with the] fanqie 都迴. It means to cast downward. 下 is [pronounced with the] fanqie 於甲; it means applying from above to below. The sūtra text writes 推押, which is not the proper character).

52.64

Through the throat (從咽: also written as [嘌-示+土], same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 於賢. It means the throat. The sūtra text writes 嚥, for which no authority has yet been found).

52.65

Flourishing (蓬勃: [pronounced with] the two fanqie 蒲公 and 蒲沒. The Guangya says: '勃 denotes a thriving appearance.').

52.66

Galloping (犇馳: in ancient script 𩦥, nowadays written as 奔, identical; [pronounced with the] fanqie 補門. It means running swiftly. The Shiming says: '奔 implies change; when there is an urgent contingency, one rushes (奔) to it.').

52.67

Grasp and pull (摣掣: [摣 is] also written as 抯, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 側家. The Guangya says: '抯 means to take.' The second character is also written as 𢊏, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 昌制. 掣 means to draw or pull).

52.68

Drag and haul (拕拽: [拕 is pronounced with the] fanqie 太何. The second character is also written as 曳, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 余世. 拖曳 means to pull along).

52.69

Chilblains (涷瘃: in ancient script identical to 瘃; [pronounced with the] fanqie 知錄. It refers to sores developing on the hands from cold).

52.70

Snap the line (拼之: in ancient script identical to 抨; [pronounced with the] fanqie 補耕. Striking with an inked marking-line is called 拼. In the sūtra it is written as 絣; the Zilin has no such entry; 絣 means patterned silk, which is not applicable here).

52.71

Roar (哮呼: [哮 is] also written as 唬, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 呼交. The Tongsu wen says: 'The roar of a tiger is called 唬.' 嚇嚇 is pronounced with the fanqie 呼嫁).

52.72

Scorching the body (𬋘身: also written as [(夕/火)*巢], same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with] the two fanqie 力鳥 and 力照. The Zilin says: '𬋘 means to roast or scorch.').

52.73

Stagger and fall prone (蹌踣: [蹌 is pronounced with the] fanqie 七羊. 踣 is nowadays written as 仆, identical; [pronounced with the] fanqie 蒲北. 蹌 means swaying motion; 仆 means falling over face-down).

52.74

There is a grain bin (有篅: [篅 is pronounced with the] fanqie 視專. The Zilin says: 'Made of split bamboo to contain grain.' The Cangjie pian writes 圌, [pronounced with the] fanqie 時緣: a round granary. The sūtra text writes 簟, pronounced 單, the name of a vessel, a bamboo box, also used to hold food utensils).

52.75

Mute, or (瘂或: [瘂 is pronounced with the] fanqie 於假. The Picang says: '瘂 also means dumb (瘖).' The sūtra text writes 痾, [with the] fanqie 於何, meaning sickness; 痾 is not the intended meaning here. It is also written as 啞, sound 乙白, meaning the sound of laughter; neither of these has the correct meaning of the character).

52.76

Like a stout rope (如縆: [縆 is pronounced with the] fanqie 古恒. The Tongsu wen says: 'A large cord is called a 縆; a 縆 is also a rope.' The sūtra text writes 絙, which is erroneous; 絙 is pronounced with the fanqie 胡官).

52.77

Fascicle Twenty

52.78

Stone mound (石𨹃: [𨹃 is pronounced with the] fanqie 徒果. The Tongsu wen says: 'An accumulation of earth is called a 𨹃.' The sūtra text writes 墮, which is erroneous).

52.79

Clap and dance (拚舞: also written as 抃, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 皮變. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'To clap the hands is called 抃.').

52.80

Weiwai (𲆷嵬: [嵬 is pronounced with the] fanqie 五迴. It is the name of devaputras of the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven).

52.81

Fascicle Twenty-One

52.82

Rivuler and ditch (涓澮: [pronounced with] the fanqie 古玄 and 古會. 涓 denotes a trickling small stream. A 澮 is a ditch carrying water out from the mountains, two xun wide and two ren deep).

52.83

Snake Lake (蛇池: [蛇 is pronounced with the] fanqie 實遮. It is the name of a lake. In the sūtra it is written as 虵, which is an error).

52.84

Cave spring (穴泉: in ancient script written as 洤, identical; [pronounced with the] fanqie 絕緣. Water emerging on its own is a spring (泉). In the sūtra it is written as [序-予+泉] or 湶, which are not the proper characters).

52.85

Sipping and gulping (呼哈: in ancient script [written in] the two forms 欱 and [(占@(企-止+米))*合], identical; [pronounced with the] fanqie 呼合. The Shuowen jiezi says: '欱 means to sip.').

52.86

Fascicle Twenty-Two

52.87

Catalpa and cypress (梓栢: [梓 is] also written as 榟, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 資里. The name of a tree, which can be made into zithers (qin and se); 梓 is also the qiu catalpa).

52.88

Different lineages (異係: ancient script has the two forms 繫 and 繼, identical; [pronounced with the] fanqie 古藝. 係 means to connect; 係 also means succession or continuation).

52.89

Tap and strike (拊匃: [拊 is pronounced with the] fanqie 麩主. It means tapping or beating. The Book of Documents says: 'Striking the stone and tapping the stone'—this is it).

52.90

Madhyama-āgama, Fascicle One

52.91

Compiled by Xuanying

52.92

Bird's beak (鳥[口*((┐@一)/豖)]: [喙 is pronounced with the] fanqie 許穢. The Shuowen jiezi says: '喙 means mouth; the character is formed from 口 with 彖 as phonetic; 彖 is pronounced with the fanqie 他亂.').

52.93

Brave and resolute (勇𣫖: [𣫖 is pronounced with the] fanqie 牛既. The Book of Documents says: 'Killing the enemy is termed guo (果); carrying out resolution is termed 𣫖.' 𣫖 also means being decisive).

52.94

Whitewashing and sprinkling (堊灑: [堊 is pronounced with the] fanqie 烏各. The Cangjie pian says: 'White clay.' The Erya says: 'A wall [coated] is called 堊.' Guo Pu says: 'Decorating a wall with white clay.' The Shiming says: '堊 means subjection/layering: 堊 is an application in sequence, first applying mud, then decorating it with lime.').

52.95

Glutinous bean (黏豆: [黏 is pronounced with the] fanqie 女霑. The name of a bean).

52.96

Cane sugar (蔗餹: also written as 糖, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 徒郎. Making sugar from sugar cane; this is the modern 糖).

52.97

Fascicle Two (Not glossed previously).

52.98

Fascicle Three

52.99

Coccyx and hip-bone (尾髂: in ancient script 𩩱, nowadays written as 䯊, identical; [pronounced with the] fanqie 口亞. The Picang says: 'The waist bone.' The sūtra text writes 骼, [with the] fanqie 歌頟; dried bones are called 骼, but 骼 is not the intended meaning here).

52.100

Fascicle Four

52.101

Smooth and soft (麗𢮓: also written as 掣, same [pronunciation]; [pronounced with the] fanqie 昌制. The correct expression is Licchavi (麗𢮓毘); here translated as 'fine and smooth').

52.102

Ladle out (魁取: [魁 is pronounced with the] fanqie 苦迴. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'A ladle for soup and broth is called a 魁.' The sūtra text writes it with the wood radical as 槐 or 𣛣, neither of which is the proper character).

52.103

Proso millet grain (穄米: [穄 is pronounced with the] fanqie 子曳. The Cangjie pian says: 'Large broomcorn millet.' It also says: 'Resembling broomcorn millet but not sticky; west of the Passes it is called mi (靡).' This is it).

52.104

Coarse grain mixed in (雜穬: [穬 is pronounced with the] fanqie 古猛. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Awned grain.' In the sūtra it is written with the wheat radical as [麩-夫+廣], which is merely a vulgar character).

52.105

Arrowhead (箭金: an arrow barb. West of the Passes it is called 箭金; east of the Mountains it is called 箭足; some call it 鏑; these are variant dialect terms).

52.106

Straightening and bending (撿撓: [撓 is pronounced with the] fanqie 奴教. 撿 means restraining/straightening; 撓 means bending. This refers to the dressing of arrows).

52.107

There was a menial (有䘚: [䘚 is pronounced with the] fanqie 祖沒. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Bondservants who perform menial service are called 䘚. In ancient times, their garments were dyed and marked to identify their condition.' The Fangyan says: 'Between Southern Chu and the Eastern Sea, some refer to a 䘚 as zhe (赭).' Guo Pu says: 'This refers to their clothes being red (ochre); hence the character is classified under the clothing radical 衣.').

52.108

剬割 (Written as 剸 in the Shenglei; the same, fanqie: 之䆓 [zhī + kùn]. The Shuowen says: '剬 means to cut off a head; it also means to sever.')

52.109

Fascicle 5 (No characters or pronunciations [annotated]). Fascicle 6:

52.110

祭餟 (In ancient script written as [啜-口+示]; in the Shenglei written as 醊; the same, fanqie: 猪芮 [zhū + ruì]. The Shuowen says: '餟 means to make a libation (酻, pronounced 力外 [lì + wài]).' The Zilin says: 'To sacrifice by pouring wine onto the ground.' The Fangyan says: '餟 means to offer food to.')

52.111

負摙 (Fanqie: 力翦 [lì + jiǎn]. The Huainanzi states: '摙 carries grain upon arrival.' Xu Shuzhong [Xu Shen] says: '摙 means to shoulder and carry it.' Nowadays it is universally written as 輦.)

52.112

Fascicle 7:

52.113

麁細 (Also written as 麤; the same, fanqie: 錯孤 [cuò + gū]. 麤 means coarse/large; 細 means fine/small. The sūtra text writes 塵細, which is an error.)

52.114

腦根 (Fanqie: 奴老 [nú + lǎo]. It refers to the occipital bone (yuzhen) behind the brain.)

52.115

拳搋 (Also written as 捲; the same, fanqie: 渠圓 [qú + yuán]. The second character is also written as 𭠎; the same, fanqie: 勅佳 [chì + jiā]. It is like striking with the hand.)

52.116

齶痛 (Fanqie: 五各 [wǔ + gè]. 齶 refers to the gums and palate. In the sūtra text it is written in the two forms 𦞐 and 腭, which are not the standard character forms.)

52.117

欬瘶 (Fanqie: 口代 [kǒu + dài] and 蘇豆 [sū + dòu]. The Shuowen says: '欬 means counterflow qi; it also means coughing.' In the sūtra text it is written in the two forms 咳 and 欶, which are not the standard character forms.)

52.118

喝吐 (Fanqie: 乙芥 [yǐ + jiè]. The Shuowen says: '喝 means thirsty.' The Cang Jie pian says: '吐 means to discard; it also means to vomit/drain.')

52.119

喉閉 (閉 is like blockage. The sūtra text writes 痹, fanqie: 俾利 [bǐ + lì], which is cold-numbness and damp-illness. In medical recipes it is often written as 痹, a throat ailment.)

52.120

痔𧏾 (Fanqie: 直理 [zhí + lǐ]; the second character: 女力 [nǚ + lì]. An ailment of the posterior, referring to damp hemorrhoidal sores, a posterior disease where worms consume [the flesh]. The sūtra text writing 𧏾 is not the standard character form.)

52.121

店肆 (Now written as 坫; the same, fanqie: 都念 [dū + niàn]. 肆 means to display. This means these are all places where goods are displayed for buying and selling.)

52.122

Fascicle 8:

52.123

潢池 (Fanqie: 胡光 [hú + guāng]. 潢 means a pond/pool. Accumulated water is called 潢. A small one is called 洿; a large one is called 潢.)

52.124

碧玉 (The Guangya says: '碧玉 is bluish-green jade.' The Shuowen says: 'The finest of stones.' Nowadays, Mount Dongshan in Yuexi produces green jasper.)

52.125

瑇瑁 (Now written in the two forms 蝳蜎; ancient script written in the two forms 𣫹瑁; identical sounds: 代 [dài] and 妹 [mèi]. The Yiwu zhi says: 'Resembling a turtle, born in the South China Sea. The large ones are like winnowing baskets, with scales on their backs. When about to boil them, their skin becomes soft, allowing one to fashion them as one pleases.')

52.126

赤石 (For 赤, the Shuowen says: 'The color of the south; [the character] follows 大 and follows 火.' In ancient script written as 𱫀. For the second character, 石, the Shuowen says: 'Mountain stone. Under a cliff (厂), the 口 is pictographic.')

52.127

旋珠 (The character should be 璿, fanqie: 辭緣 [cí + yuán]. The Mutianzi zhuan says: 'Among the treasures of the Spring Mountains are jade pearls.' Guo Pu says: 'A type of jade.')

52.128

帝麑 (Sometimes written as [鹿/耳]; identical sound: 迷 [mí]. In the sūtra it is sometimes written as 低迷 or 坁彌; these are all Sanskrit inflectional variants.)

52.129

Fascicle 11:

52.130

髦馬 (Fanqie: 莫高 [mò + gāo]. It is of a blue-black colour, with a head like a crow; this is a precious horse. Because it is adorned with fine hair, it was named on that basis. In the sūtra text it is written with the horse radical as 䭷, which is not the standard character form. 䭷 is pronounced 力涉 [lì + shè].)

52.131

皦潔 (In ancient script written in the two forms 皦 and [耳*臬]; now written as 晈; the same, fanqie: 公鳥 [gōng + niǎo]. The Picang says: '皦 means bright and pure.')

52.132

Fascicle 12:

52.133

鏵鍬 (Also written as 鐰; the same, fanqie: 且消 [qiě + xiāo]. The Fangyan says: 'In the Zhao and Wei regions, a spade (𠚏) is called a shovel (鍫).')

52.134

鼠傷 (Fanqie: 始羊 [shǐ + yáng]. The Picang says: 'A molehill/mound.' The Fangyan says: 'A mound (垤) is called a 封傷.')

52.135

豌豆 (Fanqie: 一丸 [yī + wán]. The name of a bean [pea]. The sūtra text writes 宛 or [夗/旦], neither of which is the standard character form.)

52.136

豍豆 (Fanqie: 布迷 [bù + mí]. The Guangya says: '豍豆 is the 䝀 bean.' The sūtra text writes 蜱, which is not the standard character form.)

52.137

籮中 (Pronounced 羅 [luó]. The Zilin says: 'A bamboo vessel.' The Guangya says: '籮 is a winnowing basket.')

52.138

火焫 (In ancient script written as 𤑔; the same, fanqie: 而悅 [ér + yuè]. The Tongsu wen says: 'Igniting a fire is called 𤋲; it also means to burn.')

52.139

擥彼 (Also written in the two forms 攬 and 檻; the same, fanqie: 力敢 [lì + gǎn]. The Guangya says: '攬 means to grasp/take.' The Shuowen says: '攬 means to hold.')

52.140

Fascicle 13:

52.141

榛莽 (Fanqie: 助巾 [zhù + jīn]. The Shuowen says: 'Trees growing in clusters are called 榛; abundant grasses are called 莽.')

52.142

僻處 (Fanqie: 匹赤 [pǐ + chì]. Devious and perverse; also secluded and remote. The Shuowen says: '僻 means perverse/secluded.')

52.143

猩猩 (Fanqie: 所京 [suǒ + jīng]. The Zilin says: 'A bird that can talk and knows human names, shaped like a pig with a head like a yellow chicken. Nowadays in Fengxi, Jiaozhi, there are some that speak, their sound like the crying of an infant.' The character follows 犬 (dog) with 星 as phonetic.)

52.144

捃拾 (Ancient script [打-丁+(血/求)]; the same, fanqie: 居運 [jū + yùn]. The Fangyan says: '捃 means to take/gather.')

52.145

Fascicle 14:

52.146

手拊 (Fanqie: 夫主 [fū + zhǔ]. 拊 is like clapping/tapping. In the Shangshu: 'Striking the stone and tapping the stone' is this.)

52.147

煜爚 (Fanqie: 由掬 [yóu + jū] and 弋灼 [yì + zhuó]. The Shuowen says: '煜 means radiant; 爚 is the gleam of fire.' In the sūtra text it is written as 爍, which is not the standard character form.)

52.148

櫨鎟 (Fanqie: 力都 [lì + dū]. The Shuowen says: 'The bracket-arm atop a pillar is called 櫨, meaning the square timber at the end of a pillar.' A 櫨斗. The Shiming says: '櫨 means holding up the entire roof (dulu).' The sūtra text writes it with the metal radical as 鑪, which is not the standard form. The second character should properly be 磉, fanqie: 桑朗 [sāng + lǎng]. The Shuowen says: '磉 is the stone beneath a pillar, that is, the pillar foundation (礎).' The sūtra text writes it with the metal radical as 鎟, which is an error. 礎 is pronounced 楚 [chǔ].)

52.149

Fascicle 15:

52.150

都梁 (Examining Sheng Hongzhi's Jingzhou ji: 'Fragrant orchid. Duliang is the name of a county where there is a small mountain completely covered with orchids. The vernacular calls orchids duliang, and the county was named after them.')

52.151

𰓾輿 (Fanqie: 古郎 [gǔ + láng]. The Wenji lüe says: 'Mutually lifting an object is called 𰓾.')

52.152

罰錢 (Fanqie: 自連 [zì + lián]. Goods and wealth. The eras of Tang, Yu, Xia, and Yin all had coin/money. The sūtra text writes 錣, fanqie: 猪劣 [zhū + liè], meaning iron on the tip of a staff, which is not for this purpose.)

52.153

不啻 (Fanqie: 施豉 [shī + chǐ]. The Cang Jie pian says: '不啻 means many.')

52.154

Fascicle 16:

52.155

蜱肆 (Borrowing the pronunciation: 布迷 [bù + mí]. Here translated as: to dispatch an envoy.)

52.156

犁鑱 (Fanqie: 仕監 [shì + jiān]. Referring to having a blade for hewing and chiselling. 𣃆 is pronounced 竹角 [zhú + jiǎo].)

52.157

剔肉 (Also written as [猗-可+刀]; the same, fanqie: 他歷 [tā + lì]. To disembowel and scrape. The Tongsu [wen] says: 'Removing bones is called 剔.')

52.158

著蘅 (The second character fanqie: 胡庚 [hú + gēng]. Duheng is an aromatic herb. It means making a garland of grass, expressing that it is vile.)

52.159

兩𨌪 (Also written as 輟; the same, fanqie: 子孔 [zǐ + kǒng]. The Fangyan says: 'West of the Pass, a wheel is called a 𨌪.' The Shiming says: '𨌪 means converging into the hub.')

52.160

森森 (Fanqie: 所今 [suǒ + jīn]. The Shuowen says: 'Describing many trees as tall.' Here it merely borrows that meaning.)

52.161

自誇 (Fanqie: 苦華 [kǔ + huá]. The Tongsu wen says: 'To boast of oneself is called 誇.' The Shifa says: 'Splendid words without reality are called 誇.')

52.162

Fascicle 17:

52.163

鹵樐 (The standard character forms are [柢-氏+(虎-儿+几)] and 櫓; the same, pronounced 力古 [lì + gǔ]; the second character is 簿, beside 古 [páng + gǔ]. A 樐 is a large shield. Cai Yong's Duduan states: 'When the Son of Heaven departs with his grand retinue, they deploy the imperial guard (lubu),' which is this.)

52.164

擲羂 (Also written as 罥; the same, fanqie: 古犬 [gǔ + quǎn]. The Shenglei says: 'To tie and catch.')

52.165

Fascicle 18:

52.166

椷簏 (Fanqie: 胡讒 [hú + chán]. The Shuowen says: '椷 means a small casket.' The Zishu says: 'A wooden casket.' The sūtra text writes it with the silk radical as 緘, which is not the standard character form. The second character is also written as 篆; the same, fanqie: 力木 [lì + mù], a bamboo vessel.)

52.167

Fascicle 19 (Previously without pronunciation notes)

52.168

Fascicle Twenty

52.169

Chinese cabbage (菘菁: [菘 is] si + xiong fan. The Fangyan says: "Weirao (亹蕘) is wujing (turnip greens)." Guo Pu's commentary notes: "The old pronunciation was feng; now east of the Yangtze it is pronounced song, and written as 菘. Between Chen and Chu it is called feng, pronounced feng; between Lu and Qi it is called rao; east and west of the Pass it is called wujing." Rao (蕘) is pronounced rao).

52.170

Lightly rounded (輕闡: the character should properly be 團 [tuán], tu + wan fan. The Zilin says: "Tuanyuan (團圓) means 'round'").

52.171

Fascicle Twenty-One, Fascicle Twenty-Two, and Fascicle Twenty-Three (the above were all previously unglossed)

52.172

Fascicle Twenty-Four

52.173

Like a tinder bundle (如蘊: [蘊 is] yu + wen fan. It refers to gathering grass and bundling it to ignite a fire. In the Hanshu, "gathering a bundle eastward to beg for fire" is an example. The sūtra text writes 蒀, which is incorrect; 葐蒀 means 'abundant flourishing appearance', which is not what is used here. The old gloss had gui (軌), which is completely wrong).

52.174

Fascicle Twenty-Five

52.175

Breached the small fort (破隖: [隖 is] yi + gu fan. The Zilin says: "A small fort (塢)." The Tongsuwen says: "An entrenched dwelling is called a wu (隖); it also refers to a small rampart." The character takes the radical fu [阜]).

52.176

Fascicle Twenty-Six, Fascicle Twenty-Seven, and Fascicle Twenty-Eight (the fascicles above were all previously unglossed)

52.177

Fascicle Twenty-Nine

52.178

Knots and joints (節類: [類 is] li + wai fan. The Tongsuwen says: "Having many knots is called lei (類); it also means silk knots." The sūtra text writes 戾, which is not the correct meaning).

52.179

Fascicle Thirty

52.180

Fastened cords (縛繳: [繳 is] zhi + ruo fan. Jiao is raw silk cord, used to retrieve a tethered arrow. Zeng (矰) is zi + deng fan; fastening a cord to an arrow is called a zeng).

52.181

Dappled color (牻色: [牻 is] mo + jiang fan. It means variegated color. The Shuowen jiezi says: "An ox with mixed black and white hair is called mang (牻)").

52.182

Collared scops owl (鵂狐: [鵂 is] xu + niu fan. It is the xiuliu owl. West of the Pass it is called xunshi; east of the Mountains it is called xunhu).

52.183

Heart palpitations (心悸: in ancient script also written [序-予+季]; qi + ji fan. The Zilin says: "Agitation of the heart").

52.184

Fascicle Thirty-One (previously unglossed)

52.185

Fascicle Thirty-Two

52.186

Chopping and mincing (斫剉: [剉 is] qie + zhou fan. The Shuowen jiezi says: "To break and injure." Cuo also means to chop).

52.187

Père David's deer (麋鹿: [麋 is] mo + bei fan. The Shuowen jiezi says: "A kind of deer that sheds its antlers at the winter solstice").

52.188

Fascicle Thirty-Three

52.189

Wine counter (酒鑪: [鑪 is] li + hu fan. The Shiji states: "Wenjun stood at the lu." Wei Zhao says: "A wine shop; it is built of earth into an oval shape with raised edges resembling a brazier").

52.190

Acknowledging an error (認過: [認 is] ru + ying fan. Recognizing an object and recording it. The sūtra writes 仞; eight chi is called a ren).

52.191

Fascicle Thirty-Four (previously unglossed)

52.192

Fascicle Thirty-Five

52.193

Soaking and irrigating (沃溉: in ancient script also written [漠-旲+天]; wu + mu fan. It is like irrigating and watering; [漠-旲+天] also means soaking or drenching).

52.194

Pruned smooth (頟治: in ancient script both 郤 and 鉻 forms are equivalent; li + ge fan. The Tongsuwen says: "Removing knots is called luo (𭃞)." The sūtra text sometimes writes 艾, suo + yan fan, meaning 'to mow grass'; sometimes it writes 洛, which is not the standard form).

Linked texts (1)

一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese