一切經音義 59.4

59.4

律藏 (The first character has the fanqie *lì-chū. The Sanskrit word is vinaya, also rendered 鞞泥迦 [veṇika], 毘那耶 [vinaya], 鼻那夜 [vinaya], or 毘奈耶 [vinaya]; these are all corruptions arising from variations in phonetic stress in Sanskrit. This is translated as 'conduct of departure'—'conduct' also means the path, meaning that this conduct can lead away from the evil destinies, hence its name. Or it is translated as 'extinguishing evil'. Or it is said to mean 'converting and saving', referring to how the Sanskrit scriptures convert and save sentient beings. Or it is said to mean 'subduing', subduing greed, hatred, and delusion; this is just as the Mañjuśrī-śuddha-vinaya-sūtra says: 'Comprehending craving is called the vinaya.' Checking the Erya: '律 means law', referring to rules and models. It also says: '律 means to assess', meaning that laws are used to weigh and evaluate severity. It also says: '律 means constant', meaning that it can be practiced constantly. Therefore, the character takes the step radical 彳—彳 means action—and takes the brush radical 聿—聿 means a writing brush; for determining crimes and fixing punishments cannot be decided without a brush. The Shiming says: '律 means to bind (縲); it watches over people, necessarily preventing them from being unrestrained.' As for the term śīla, it translates as 'cessation and attainment', meaning ceasing evil and attaining good. Old translations rendering it as 'purity' or 'innate goodness' are all interpretive translations. 縲 has the fanqie *lì-zhuī; 縲 means to bind).