續一切經音義 2.165

2.165

鞭笞（上必綿反顧野王云用革以扑罪人字書云撾馬杖也說文從革便聲下丑之反律書云笞杖徒流死是也笞刑有罪之人下者說文笞撻也從竹台聲音怡）。

鞭笞 (flogging and beating: the first character is *b[ì]-mi[án]* fan; Gu Yewang says: “Using leather to strike criminals.” Character dictionaries say: “A stick for whipping horses.” The Shuowen jiezi states that it is classified under 革 [leather] with 便 phonetic. The second character is *ch[ǒu]-zh[ī]* fan; legal treatises state: “Beating with sticks (笞), beating with canes (杖), penal servitude (徒), exile (流), and death (死) are the five penalties. 笞 is the punishment for offenders of lower rank.” The Shuowen jiezi says: “笞 means to thrash.” It is classified under 竹 [bamboo] with 台 phonetic; 台 is pronounced like 怡 [*yí*]).