翻譯名義集 1.160

1.160

【那伽（是龍）曷樹那】義翻為猛。此出《龍樹勸誡王頌》，彩字函。《西域記》云：「那伽閼（音遏）剌樹那，此云龍猛；舊曰龍樹，訛也。」什曰：「本傳云：『其母樹下生之，因字阿周那。』阿周那者，樹名也。以龍成其道，故以龍字，號曰龍樹。」《輔行》云：「樹學廣通，天下無敵。欲謗佛經，而自作法，表我無師。龍接入宮，一夏但誦七佛經目，知佛法妙，因而出家。降伏國王，制諸外道。外道現通，化為華池，坐蓮華上，龍樹為象，拔蓮華，撲外道。作三種論：一、大悲方便論，明天文地理，作寶作藥，饒益世間；二、大莊嚴論，明修一切功德法門；三、大無畏論，明第一義，《中觀論》者，是其一品。」《大乘入楞伽》云：「大慧汝應知，善逝涅槃後，未來世當有，持於我法者。南天竺國中，大名德比丘，厥號為龍樹，能破有無宗。世間中顯我，無上大乘法，得初歡喜地，往生安樂國。」

【Nāgārjuna】 Translated by its meaning, it is "Dragon-Fierce" (Longmeng). This appears in the *Verses of Exhortation to the King by Nāgārjuna*, in the box with the character "Cai". The *Records of the Western Regions* states: "Nāgārjuna (pronounced *e-la-shu-na*), here translated as Dragon-Fierce; the old rendering 'Dragon-Tree' (Longshu) is an error." [Kumāra]jīva said: "The original biography states: 'His mother gave birth to him under a tree, so he was named Arjuna.' Arjuna is the name of a tree. Because a dragon (nāga) brought his Path to fruition, he was styled with the character 'Dragon' (Nāga), being called Nāgārjuna." The *Fuxing* states: "Nāgārjuna's learning was vast and comprehensive, peerless in all under heaven. Intending to slander the Buddhist scriptures and establish his own doctrine to show that he had no teacher, a dragon welcomed him into its palace. For one summer he only recited the titles of the sutras of the seven Buddhas, and realized the marvel of the Buddha's Dharma, whereupon he went forth from the household. He subdued the king of the state and brought all non-Buddhists under control. A non-Buddhist displayed supernormal powers, transforming into a lotus pond and sitting atop a lotus flower; Nāgārjuna became an elephant, uprooted the lotus, and dashed the non-Buddhist to the ground. He composed three treatises: first, the *Treatise on Great Compassion and Upāya*, which elucidates astronomy and geography, making treasures and compounding medicines to benefit the world; second, the *Mahālaṃkāra-śāstra*, which explains the Dharma gates of cultivating all merits; third, the *Treatise of Great Fearlessness*, which elucidates supreme truth, of which the *Mūlamadhyamakakārikā* is one chapter." The *Mahāyāna Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra* states: "Mahāmati, you should know / that after the Sugata passes into nirvāṇa, / in the future ages there shall be / one who upholds my Dharma. / In the land of Southern India, / a monk of great fame and virtue / whose name shall be Nāgārjuna, / able to destroy the doctrines of existence and non-existence. / In the world he will reveal my / unsurpassable Mahāyāna Dharma, / attain the First Stage of Joy, / and be reborn in the Land of Peace and Bliss."