翻譯名義集 1.87

1.87

【阿迦雲】此云藥王。《觀藥王藥上菩薩經》云：「過去有佛，號瑠璃光照。滅度之後，時有比丘，名為日藏，宣布正法。時有長者，名星宿光，聞說法故，持呵梨勒，及諸雜藥，奉上日藏，并諸大眾，因此立名藥王。後當作佛，名為淨眼。星宿光弟，名電光明，聞說法故，以其醍醐上妙之藥，而用供養。因此立名，名為藥上。後當作佛，名為淨藏。」《文句》云：「若推此義，星光應在喜見之後，從捨藥發誓已來，名藥王故。」《本草》序云：「醫王子姓韋，名古，字老師，元是踈勒國得道人也。身被毳袍，腰懸數百葫蘆，頂戴紗巾，手持藜杖，常以一黑犬同行，壽年五百餘歲。洎開元中，孟夏之月，有人疾患，稍多疼困。師發願，心存目想，遂普施藥餌，無不痊平，覩之者便愈。後乃圖形供養，皇帝敬禮，為藥王菩薩。」又《神仙傳》云：「昔堯舜之時，殷湯之際，周秦已後，大漢至唐，凡五度化身，來救貧病。其犬化為黑龍，背負老師，冲天而去。」

【Ajiayun】(Bhaiṣajyarāja) Here translated as Yaowang (Medicine King). The Guan Yaowang Yaoshang pusa jing says: "In the past there was a Buddha named Vaiḍūryaprabhāsa. After his parinirvāṇa, there was at that time a bhikṣu named Rizang (Sūryagarbha) who proclaimed the true Dharma. At that time there was an elder named Xingsuxiang (Constellation Radiance) who, having heard the Dharma preached, took harītakī and various mixed medicines and offered them to Rizang and the great assembly; because of this he was given the name Medicine King (Bhaiṣajyarāja). In the future he will become a Buddha named Jingyan (Pure Eye). Constellation Radiance's younger brother, named Dianguangming (Lightning Radiance), having heard the Dharma preached, made offerings with the supreme medicine of ghee; because of this he was given the name Medicine Superior (Bhaiṣajyasamudgata). In the future he will become a Buddha named Jingzang (Pure Treasury)." The Wenju says: "If we deduce this meaning, Constellation Radiance should be after Xijian (Sarvasattvapriyadarśana); from the time of renouncing medicine and making his vows onward, he has been named Medicine King." The preface of the Bencao says: "The King of Medicine's surname was Wei, his given name Gu, and his courtesy name Laoshi; he was originally a person who attained the Way in the kingdom of Kashgar (Shule). His body was clad in a woolen robe, from his waist hung hundreds of gourds, on his head he wore a gauze scarf, and in his hand he held a goosefoot staff, always traveling accompanied by a black dog, with a life span of over five hundred years. Down to the Kaiyuan era, in the first month of summer, when people suffered from diseases, with quite a few agonizing pains, the Master made a vow, focusing his mind and contemplating visually, and thereupon universally bestowed medicinal foods; none were not healed and cured, and those who saw him recovered at once. Later, people painted his likeness and made offerings to it; the Emperor paid homage to him as Bodhisattva Medicine King." Moreover, the Shenxian zhuan says: "Long ago, in the time of Yao and Shun, in the era of Tang of Yin, and after the Zhou and Qin, from the great Han down to the Tang, he manifested his transformed body a total of five times to rescue the poor and sick. His dog transformed into a black dragon, which carried the Master on its back and soared into the sky."