翻譯名義集 2.87

2.87

【鳩那羅】此云惡人，亦云不好人。蜀先主臨終，謂太子曰：「勿以惡小而為之，勿以善小而不為。」孔子云：「見善如不及，見惡如探湯。」《尚書》曰：「彰善癉（徒丹）惡，樹之風聲。」曾子云：「人之好善，福雖未至，去禍遠矣！人之為惡，凶雖未至，去禍近矣！」《辨魔書》云：「見善養育，如雨露之被草木；遇惡勦絕，若鷹鸇之逐鳥雀。」《罵意經》云：「人所作善惡，有四神知之：一者地神，二者天神，三者旁人，四者自意。」《涅槃經》明十六種惡：一為利，餧食羔羊，肥已轉賣；二為利，買已屠殺；三為利，餧養猪豚，肥已轉賣；四為利，買已屠殺；五為利，餧養牛犢，肥已轉賣；六為利，買已屠殺；七為利，養鷄令肥，肥已轉賣；八為利，買已屠殺；九釣魚；十獵師；十一劫奪；十二魁膾；十三網捕飛鳥；十四兩舌；十五獄卒；十六呪龍。

[Ku-nara]: Translated as "evil person," also as "bad person." When the First Sovereign of Shu was near death, he said to the Crown Prince: "Do not commit an evil deed because it is minor; do not fail to do good because it is minor." Confucius said: "See good as if you could not reach it; see evil as if you were testing boiling water." The Shangshu says: "Make known the good and penalize the evil, establishing a reputation that moves people like the wind." Zengzi said: "When a person loves the good, though fortune has not yet arrived, misfortune is already far away! When a person does evil, though calamity has not yet arrived, misfortune is already near!" The Bianmo shu says: "Seeing good, nurture it, like rain and dew covering the grass and trees; encountering evil, eradicate it, like a hawk or falcon pursuing small birds." The Mayi jing says: "The good and evil that a person does is known by four spirits: first, the earth spirit; second, the heaven spirit; third, bystanders; fourth, one's own mind." The Nirvāṇa Sūtra explains sixteen kinds of evil: first, for profit, feeding lambs to fatten them and then reselling them; second, for profit, buying and slaughtering them; third, for profit, rearing pigs to fatten them and then reselling them; fourth, for profit, buying and slaughtering them; fifth, for profit, rearing calves to fatten them and then reselling them; sixth, for profit, buying and slaughtering them; seventh, for profit, raising chickens to make them fat and then reselling them; eighth, for profit, buying and slaughtering them; ninth, angling for fish; tenth, being a hunter; eleventh, robbery and pillage; twelfth, executioners and slaughterers; thirteenth, catching flying birds with nets; fourteenth, double-tongued speech; fifteenth, being a prison warden; sixteenth, conjuring dragons.