翻譯名義集 3.190

3.190

【牛頭旃檀】或云此方無故不翻。或云義翻與藥，能除病故。《慈恩傳》云：「樹類白楊，其質涼冷，蛇多附之。」《華嚴》云：「摩羅耶山，出旃檀香，名曰牛頭。若以塗身，設入火坑，火不能燒。」《正法念經》云：「此洲有山，名曰高山，高山之峯，多有牛頭旃檀。若諸天與修羅戰時，為刀所傷，以牛頭旃檀塗之即愈。以此山峯，狀如牛頭，於此峯中生旃檀樹，故名牛頭。」《大論》云：「除摩梨山，無出旃檀。白檀治熱病，赤檀去風腫。摩梨山，此云離垢，在南天竺國。」

[Gośīrṣa-candana]: Or it is said that because it does not exist in this region, it is not translated. Or it is said to be translated in meaning as "bestower of medicine," because it can eliminate illnesses. The Biography of the Master of Ci'en says: "The tree resembles the white poplar; its substance is cool and cold, and snakes often cling to it." The Avataṃsaka Sūtra says: "The Malaya Mountain produces candana incense, named gośīrṣa. If one smears the body with it, even if one enters a pit of fire, the fire cannot burn him." The Saddharmasmṛtyupasthāna Sūtra says: "On this continent there is a mountain named Tall Mountain; on the peak of Tall Mountain there is much gośīrṣa-candana. If the devas fight with the asuras and are wounded by swords, smearing them with gośīrṣa-candana instantly heals them. Because the peak of this mountain is shaped like an ox's head, and candana trees grow on this peak, it is therefore named gośīrṣa (ox-head)." The Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa says: "Except for Mount Malaya, no place produces candana. White candana cures hot illnesses, and red candana eliminates wind-swellings. Mount Malaya, translated here as free of defilement, is in South India."