翻譯名義集 5.136

5.136

【七華】《維摩經》云：「無漏法林樹，覺意淨妙華。」天台釋云：覺意，即七覺支（一擇法，二精進，三喜，四除，五捨，六定，七念）。七覺調停，生真智因華。故《智論》云：「無學實覺，此七能到，故以為華。」又云：「定水湛然滿，布以七淨華。」天台釋云：一、戒淨（是正語業命），二、心淨（是精進念定），三、見淨（是正見正思惟），四、斷疑淨（是見道），五、分別淨，六、行淨（是修道），七、涅槃淨（是無學道）。又《涅槃》云：「譬如有人，而有七子，是七子中，一子遇病。父母之心非不平等，然於病者心則偏重。」章安釋云：「或以七方便根性為七子，謂人天、二乘、三教菩薩。是七子中，有起過者，心則偏重。」又《智論》云：「智度大道佛善來，智度大道佛窮底，智度相義佛無礙，稽首智度無子佛。」古人立四義釋無子：一者無等，一切眾生，無與佛等。二云無礙，佛是法王，於法自在。三云無子，復有二義：一者就理，佛能體悟無生真理，名為無子；二者就事，如來生死種子已盡，故名無子。四者無子亦有二義：一者般若名為佛母，母有七子，謂佛、菩薩及辟支佛，並四果人。此七子中，佛最居長，故云無子；二者無明蔽中，無有智慧種子，故云無子。

[Seven Flowers] The Vimalakīrti-sūtra says: 'In the forest trees of the uncontaminated Dharma, the intentions of enlightenment are pure, wonderful flowers.' Tiantai explains: 'Intentions of enlightenment' are the seven factors of enlightenment (first, investigation of dharmas; second, energy; third, joy; fourth, pliancy; fifth, equanimity; sixth, concentration; seventh, mindfulness). When the seven factors of enlightenment are harmonious, they give rise to the cause-flower of true wisdom. Thus the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa says: 'The real enlightenment of the unlearned: these seven can reach it, hence they are taken as flowers.' It also says: 'The water of concentration is serenely full, strewn with the seven pure flowers.' Tiantai explains: 1. Purity of morality (which is right speech, right action, and right livelihood); 2. Purity of mind (which is right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration); 3. Purity of view (which is right view and right intention); 4. Purity of overcoming doubt (which is the path of vision); 5. Purity of discernment; 6. Purity of practice (which is the path of cultivation); 7. Purity of nirvāṇa (which is the path of the unlearned). Furthermore, the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra says: 'For example, a person has seven sons, and among these seven sons, one son falls ill. It is not that the parents' hearts are unequal, yet toward the sick one their hearts lean with special weight.' Zhang'an explains: 'The dispositions of the seven skillful means are taken as the seven sons, meaning humans and devas, the two vehicles, and the bodhisattvas of the three teachings. Among these seven sons, if any commits an error, [the Buddha's] heart leans with special weight.' Again, the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa says: 'To the great path of the perfection of wisdom the Buddha has well come; the great path of the perfection of wisdom the Buddha has fathomed to the bottom; the characteristics and meanings of the perfection of wisdom the Buddha grasps without obstruction; I bow my head to the son-less Buddha of the perfection of wisdom.' The ancients established four meanings to explain 'son-less': First, unequaled: none among all sentient beings is equal to the Buddha. Second, unobstructed: the Buddha is the Dharma King, sovereign over dharmas. Third, 'son-less' also has two meanings: first, in terms of principle, the Buddha can fully realize the true principle of non-arising, hence named 'son-less'; second, in terms of phenomena, the seeds of birth-and-death for the Tathāgata have been exhausted, hence named 'son-less'. Fourth, 'son-less' likewise has two meanings: first, prajñā is called the mother of Buddhas, and the mother has seven sons, meaning Buddhas, bodhisattvas, pratyekabuddhas, together with the persons of the four fruits. Among these seven sons, the Buddha is the eldest, hence called 'son-less'; second, within the veil of ignorance, there is no seed of wisdom, hence called 'son-less'.