翻譯名義集 6.24

6.24

【阿羅伽】此云欲，希須為義。五情之所欲，是名五欲。《大論》云：「哀哉眾生！常為五欲所惱，而欲求之不已。此五欲者，得之轉劇，如火炙疥。五欲無益，如狗齧骨。五欲增爭，如烏競肉。五欲燒人，如逆風執炬。五欲害人，如踐惡蛇。五欲無實，如夢所得。五欲不久，假借須臾。世人愚惑，貪著五欲，至死不捨，為之後世受無量苦。譬如愚人貪著好果，上樹食之，不肯時下。人伐其樹，樹傾墮落，身首毀壞，痛惱而死。」然此五欲分界內外。如《大論》云：「二乘但斷界內五欲，故世間五欲所不能動。別惑未除，故為界外上妙色聲之所染污。」故迦葉云：「三界五欲，我已斷竟，不能動心。此是菩薩淨妙五欲，吾於此事不能自安。」此是迦葉為界外之聲動。天女散華，身子除去，此為界外之色動。又分別生死、涅槃有異，分別亦是別見，斯為法塵所惑也。

[Rāga]: Here translated as "desire" (欲), with the meaning of longing and craving. That which the five sense faculties desire is called the five desires. The Da zhidu lun says: "Alas, sentient beings! They are constantly tormented by the five desires, yet they seek them unceasingly. These five desires become ever more acute when attained, like roasting scabies with fire. The five desires are of no benefit, like a dog gnawing a dry bone. The five desires increase contention, like crows fighting over meat. The five desires burn a person, like holding a torch against the wind. The five desires harm a person, like treading upon a venomous snake. The five desires lack reality, like gains obtained in a dream. The five desires do not last, being merely borrowed for a moment. Worldly people are foolish and deluded, greedily attached to the five desires and not relinquishing them even unto death; because of this, they undergo immeasurable suffering in future lives. It is like a fool who, coveting fine fruit, climbs a tree to eat it and refuses to come down in time. Another person cuts down the tree; the tree falls, he plunges down, his body and head are broken and destroyed, and he dies in agony." Yet these five desires are distinguished as being within or beyond the realm [of saṃsāra]. As the Da zhidu lun says: "The two vehicles have only severed the five desires within the realm; therefore, worldly five desires cannot move them. Because particular delusions have not yet been eliminated, they are still defiled by the supremely wondrous sights and sounds beyond the realm." Thus Kāśyapa said: "The five desires of the three realms I have already severed completely, and they cannot move my mind. Yet these are the pure and wondrous five desires of the bodhisattvas; regarding these matters, I cannot remain settled." This refers to Kāśyapa being moved by sound beyond the realm. When the heavenly maiden scattered flowers, Śāriputra brushed them away; this refers to being moved by form beyond the realm. Furthermore, distinguishing saṃsāra and nirvāṇa as different—such distinction is also a particular view, which is being deluded by the mental objects of dharmas.